HFT2716 Final Part 24/22 chapter 9 cultural influences of rules of social interaction*rules of social interaction- Rules-what is appropriate and what is not appropriate - Their role is to maintain harmony in social relations- Culturally determined -foundation of cultural interaction - Important feature of social interaction between tourists and hosts-hold key to successful communication- Guidelines and standards that direct behavior-how people ought to or not behaveOrders and types of rules3 orders:- Relates to social etiquette- Relates to social relations- Relates to rules of self presentation or self performance self-image - These rules govern social relationship Relationship rules- Govern social relationships- Can be formal, directly stated or coded in a written or spoken language- Can also be informal, indirectly stated and learned through socializing Cultural influences on rules of social interaction- Are influenced by the cultural values of those who participate- Culture determines the rules of social relationship- Members of different cultures may not understand each other- Different cultures may have different rules for greetings, friendship, joking etc. - ie Nofla vs sofla Use restrained rules of social interaction- Important because it enables both parties to share and understand no their experience - International tourism creates many opportunities- Requires especially understanding of the verbal and non verbal patterns Breaking rules- Many people are unaware of the cultural difference and rules of behavior- They break the rules or ignore them- Tourists often break the rules on the streets, shops, banks, religious services, etc. Cross cultural difference in rules of social interaction- * members of individualistic cultures have fewer rules-US- Members of collectivistic cultures have more rules-japan- Individualistic cultures emphasize self-assertion and self reliance- Collectivistic cultures people avoid confrontation and negative criticism - Individualistic-focus on yourself. Collectivistic-focus on the team Know:- Different cultures use specialized vocabulary TRUE- The same words can have different meanings from one culture to another TRUE- SOME CULTURES USE MORE VERBAL COMMUNICATIONS THAN OTEHRS TRUE- Latino and Arab communities are very elaborate in communication TRUE- how would you describe today's tourists? Mere international/global, talk about going to exotic places, concerned about safety, individualistic- Rules of social interaction is to maintain HARMONY1- Why is it important to understand the rules of social interaction? Enables both parties to share the same experience1- Which of the orders of rules of social interaction?1- How are rules of social interaction influenced?- Relationship rules indicated how to behave in relation to what or whom?1- Which countries are considered as having individualistic cultures?- Meaning of individualism- Which 1countries have collective cultures?- Meaning of Abstractive1- Which cultures are considered Abstractive? How do these people communicate? 1It's all about the facts no beating around the bush. Focus on arguments and facts- Effective societies? Rely on emotions to communicate4/24 Ch 15 cultural differences among international societiesAfrica- The most important unit is the family or tribe- Left centers in villages- Village elders are the leaders-they dictate the rules and are given the most respect- They are warm, friendly, relaxed and informal-time is unlimited- China means the center if the world so they think. They're the center of the world. Chinese believe in honor. Group oriented. Dint follow individualism Australia- Always try to be politically correct- Avoid hurting anyone's dealings- Dislike social classes and differences- Value friendship: the most important values are happiness, inner harmony, freedom and friendshipEurope- Have suffered and survived many wars- Sense of survival is more important than money- Sense of social responsibility-observe formal rules and titles- Power is important to French but not if they have to compete for it. Have a love for life. Work to live. Want to be seen differently and unique - Germans are meticulous. Punctual. Cold behavior- British-English. Scots. And welsh. Respect for authority. Have good etiquette. Family names on titles (duke)- Spain-enjoy company. Always have time for family and friends India - Social rules are followed- People don't ask personal questions- Don't do PDA- Mostly vegetarian, do not drink alcohol, love to bargain Latin America- Value family- Like to socialize- Follow protocol- Status, age and gender consciousMiddle East- People and country are first- Seek to close personal relationship- Don't gamble, don't drink and don't eat pork- Shame means loss of power and influence - If they are demoted at work it brings shame to their familyNorth America-Canada- Proud of their country- Don't like to be compared to America- Friendly and more reserved than Americans- Respect authority- Don't support individualism - Prefer cooperation over competitionNorth America-united states- Believe in equality- Believe in success- Competitive, aggressive- Competition is healthy - Efficient - Not interested in the outside world- Lingual Franca=the language to conduct business in (English) Know:- Characteristics of collective societies-i.e. Japan, china. Have many rules and strict about the social rules. Hierarchy is important with professional careers- Social relationship is also important to collective societies- Human behavior-major aspect of human behavior? The mind, body and spirit shapes us- Cognition-it's about the mind and thinking and understanding1- Macro environment and micro environment. Macro is for community, industry, about educational institutions and government. Micro is about family- Human behavior develops also because of the environment1- 3 religions that are considered abrahamic-Judaism, Christianity and Islam1- In which cultures, there's a high level of respect for elderly, ancestors etc? Africa, China, Asia counties, India1- Proud country, respect authority, do not support individualism, and prefer cooperation over competition-Canada1- Region of the world that values family, like to socialize, follow protocol, time is not an issue and your status/age/gender are important-Latin America- Competitive, aggressive, believe in equality,
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