Exam 3 Africa and the Middle East HFT2716 Study Guide Africa There isn t much tourism due to the political unrest There are 57 African countries 2nd largest continent in the world population of 500 million exponentially expanding highest birth rate Northern Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt one thing in common they all have a Mediterranean coastline politically culturally a religiously connected to the Middle East South Safari lands Kenya Tanzania Zambia Botswana Namibia South Africa The Land and Climate divided into Africa north of the Sahara and Africa south of the Sahara Sahara Desert Northwestern the largest desert in the world extremely dry covers 25 of Africa Africa is divided by the equator and has land in all four hemispheres Separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea and from Asia by the Red Sea Atlantic Ocean to the west and Indian Ocean to the east World s longest river The Nile Kilimanjaro in Tanzania the tallest mountain The Great Rift Valley break in the earth that begins in the Middle East in Syria and extends south to Mozambique 6 000 miles long tectonic plates split creating this valley History Commonwealth of Nations countries that were previously British colonies Australia Canada African countries South Africa Eqypt Nigeria Kenya In the 1400s the Portuguese began exploring the Southwestern coast in attempt to find a shorter passage to India 1884 Berlin Conference The Great Divide when the colonial nations Portugal France England Belgium Spain Germany divided the African countries by artificial boundaries that neglected history and native cultures The Birthplace of the human race South of the Sahara there were very powerful kingdoms Berber Tuareg nomadic tribes controlled the Sahara Zulus tribe Mandinka tribe West Africa Bushmen Kalhari Desert hunter and gathering tribe African colonies became independent between 1950 and 1989 20th Century Africa 1950s movement for Independence 1960s education economies elections industry 1970s limbo 1980s rapid decline mass starvation civil wars geopolitically unstable 1990s total crises Backgrounds French Algeria Tunisia Morocco Dutch British South Africa British Kenya Nigeria Egypt South Africa German Namibia Languages Kiswahili East Africa French West Africa British Safari Lands Top 5 Travel Destinations in Africa 1 Tanzania Kilimanjaro 2 Morocco Atlas Mountains 3 Uganda highest population of primates 4 Namibia 5 Mozambique Morocco great strategic location at the entrance of the Mediterranean 1085 played an important part in Muslim domination in Spain to the South lies the Western Sahara Atlas Mountains run southwest to northeast Key cities Rabat capital city with French influence open markets Marrakesh red city 1662 Meknes built to rival Paris after the building of Versailles Fez most ancient of the imperial cities built in the 8th century Egypt known as the Gift of the Nile Key Cities was the most powerful civilization in the western hemisphere Cairo the capital city provides an immersion in Egyptian culture mixed population of Arabs Turks Africans and Europeans Pyramids Giza a suburb of Cairo is the site of the most famous pyramid The Great Pyramid of Cheops world s largest single building the sphinx Memphis the original capital of Egypt Alexandria named after alexander the great first library in the world second largest city and principal port beach resort Luxor south the imperial capital during the regime of the pharaohs and most important destination Valley of the Kings across Palace of Luxor lower Nile lies to the north of Cairo South of Cairo is Upper Egypt The Nile flows north from Sudan The Safari Lands Safari means journey in Kiswahili two types of safaris land safaris and wing safaris run along east Africa from Kenya to South Africa Kenya Tanzania Zambia Botswana Namibia South Africa Kenya tourist industry has suffered since 2004 when terrorists launched a missile at a commercial aircraft Nairobi capital city one of Africa s largest cities many national parks Nairobi National Park relay heavily on international aid population of roughly 18 million Tanzania largest country in East Africa home to more than 125 tribal groups Dodoma capital city Principal Attractions Mount Kilimanjaro Africa s highest mountain on the border w Kenya Ngorongoro Crater volcano west of Kilimanjaro caldera extremely dry Serengeti National park Selous Game Preserve one of the biggest game parks in the world most of the country is covered by a mix of woodland and savanna Zambia landlocked in South Central Africa Lusaka capital city Top Attractions Victoria Falls Northwest point Botswana landlocked country in South Central Africa politically stable peaceful ecotourism model for the area Gaborone capital and largest city Top Attractions one of the most desirable safari destinations Kalahari Desert Southwestern home to the Bushmen one of the last hunter gatherer societies Chobe National Park world s highest elephant population Namibia Windhoek capital city previously a German colony Top Attractions Namib Desert one of the world s oldest and driest Skeleton Coast to the north along the west coast Southwestern corner Etosha National Park northwest of the capital one of the world s largest game parks top 5 game animals found here South Africa was a Dutch colony before taken over by the British Three Capitals 1 Cape Town the legislative capital Southern tip 2 Pretoria administrative capital Northeastern 3 Bloemfontein judicial capital Center mines about 28 of the world s gold Top Attractions Kruger National Park Northeastern corner Middle East Israel Lebanon Syria Jordan Arabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia Kuwait Yemen Qatar United Arab Emirates Asian Middle East Iraq Iran Afghanistan Pakistan Politically religiously and culturally connected with Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya and Egypt development largely due the Soviet Union France Britain The Land and Climate Middle East is in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres borders the Mediterranean and Black Seas to the North To the south it borders the Indian Ocean the Arabian Sea the Gulf of Oman History after WWI the League of Nations divided the Arab lands between Britain and France During the 1940s the Arab states fought for their independence and Israel became a country Backgrounds French Lebanon British Trans Jordan Israel Israel established by the United Nations in 1948 previously under England s jurisdiction religion is the 1 reason tourists come to this area occupies a narrow stretch of land
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