The Pacific Study Guide Australia The Land o The smallest flattest and least populated of major continents o Interior mostly desert Outback o Ayers Rock world s largest single rock Also known as Uluru o World s longest coral reef The Climate o South of the equator o Seasons are opposite o January and February are the hottest months o Rainy season June August The first inhabitants came from Asia over land bridges 50 000 years ago Aborigines Spanish and Portuguese sailors explored the area in the 1500 s In the 1700 s Captain James Cook claimed the land for Great Britain In the 1700 s the British needed a new place to ship convicts to o Established a penal colony in New South Wales male and female convicts The Aborigines were treated badly About 75 000 lived in Australia when the British arrived today less than one percent of the population Between 1942 and 1972 more than 2 million immigrants came to Australia o Mostly Italians Greeks Croatians Macedonians and Turks It is divided into 6 states and 2 territories Australia is almost the size of the U S Sydney is a key international city countries largest city Canberra is the capital New South Wales o The gateway to Australia o Sydney the capital of New South Wales developed from a penal colony o The harbor dominates the landscape great beaches o Outback is the center of the country mostly desert Australian Capital Territory ACT o In the 1900 s the country needed a new capital o Compromise was reached between Sydney and Melbourne o Midway between the two cities Canberra became the capital o In the aborigine language it means the meeting place Victoria o Australia s smallest state on the southeast coast o The capital is Melbourne Sports minded city Football soccer cricket and horse racing o Phillips Island is to the south place to visit to see penguins o Northeast of Melbourne are the Australian Alps many ski villages Tasmania o The island state o 30 protected world heritage national park o Wet and lush o Remains of the last convict s prison South Australia o Self reliant state Everything you need is found here wine wildlife and desert o German immigrants established oldest vineyards in Australia o Kangaroo island is to the south kangaroos koalas and emus in their natural habitat wombat is the official animal Western Australia o It is an area bigger than Texas and Alaska combined o Mostly a Mediterranean climate o Perth is the capital o Unspoiled beaches extend along the coast north of Perth Wine producing region in the south Very dry in the outback Most of the population is on the east coast Mining on the west coast Great Barrier Reef is 1200 miles long Darwin key travel destination Population 22 million people Drive on the left side of the road in Australia Ayers rock key destination center of continent Canberra is a territory capital Danish architect built and designed Sydney opera All cities are very modern and beautiful Australia Review Questions Where do you visit the reef from What is the interior of the continent called o Cairns o The Outback Know the history of Sydney Who declared it as a colony of Great Britain o James Cook What did Cook name Australia o New South Wales Who were the original inhabitants o The aborigines What of the population is made up of aborigines o Today less than 1 Most of the population is located where o East coast How many states and territories o 6 states and 2 territories Northern Territory and Canberra Which country used Australia as a dumping site for prisoners o Great Britain What is unique about the seasons o Opposite of our seasons Australia is as big as which country o The U S West Australia is as big as Where is the gold coast o Queensland east coast Where is Ayers rock o Center of Australia Uluru o Larger than Texas and Alaska combined MAP QUESTIONS WILL PRIMARILY BE ON AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND New Zealand North Island o Known for its sandy beaches active volcanoes geysers Maori culture and grape growing areas o Auckland is the largest city Most visitors to New Zealand arrive in Auckland The City of Sails o Maori art and skilled boat builders huge war canoes o Northland enjoys a warm climate Beautiful bay with many islands offering fishing gold and boat cruises o Rotorua Thermal wonderland with many geysers and hot springs It is a small spa town It is also the center of Maori culture arts and crafts o Waitomo Caves Central northern end of North Island Millions of glowing insects hang from the ceiling of the caves Visitors can tube raft o Wellington the capital At the southern end of the North Island The city has a mixture of modern buildings and Victorian architecture Ferries connect Wellington on North Island with South Island trip takes about 3 hours o Some of the world s most unspoiled scenery may be found on o Snowcapped peaks of the southern Alps o Christchurch the largest city It is New Zealand s 3rd largest It is considered by many to be the most English city outside of England o Mount Cook National Park The Tasman Glacier is one of the longest outside the Himalaya Spectacular ski plane flight o Queenstown Called the adventure capital of New Zealand It is South Island s most popular resort Commercial bungee jumping began here in 1988 o Fiordland Where mountains meet the sea and flooded valleys This created many fiords The country s National Park is located here South Island the island New Zealand Review Questions Where is the main international airport located What is the capital of New Zealand o Auckland o Wellington Who are the Maoris There will be several questions about them o Native people of New Zealand Most English city outside of England What city is known as the adventure capital of New Zealand o Christchurch o Queenstown o High o Auckland What is the standard of living like here What city is known as The City of Sails Commercial bungee jumping began where o Queenstown in 1988 Where is Mount Cook National Park o South Island Why are the Maoris known as great navigators o Skilled boat builders huge war canoes What is Rotorua o Thermal wonderland with many geysers and hot springs It is a small spa town What is unique about the Waitomo Caves o Millions of glowing insects hang from the ceiling of the caves Visitors can tube raft Where is the center of Maori culture o Rotorua If you land in Auckland and you are traveling to South Island you probably take the ferry in what city What is South Island s most popular resort city o Wellington o Queenstown MAP QUESTIONS WILL PRIMARILY
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