Africa and the Middle East Africa Mediterranean coastline Egypt Morocco Libya Algeria Tunisia The Safarilands Kenya Tanzania Zambia Botswana Namibia South Africa Africa overview Birthplace of human race Separated from Europe by the Mediterranean Sea and from Asia by the Red Sea Continent is divided in two by the Sahara o Africa north of the Sahara o Africa south of the Sahara sub Saharan Africa o Sahara desert o Desertification thousands of years ago pushed people t the middle east West Africa North Africa o Politically unstable no travel o Sahara world s largest desert Covers 25 of Africa Second largest continent In all four hemispheres 1 billion people estimated to double in 40 yrs The Nile o Longest river in the world o Flows north o Starts in Lake Victoria o Fueled ancient Egyptian society Fertile Crescent Travel obstacles o Infrastructure Poor roads no airports o Limited water supply o Civil wars o Safety Political unrest unsafe History o 1400s Start of colonial rule o 1884 Berlin Conference divided Africa o Post WWI League of Nations divided the Arab lands between Britain and France o 1940s Arab states fought for independence Israel became a country o 1950s Period of independence for Africa o 1960s Transition period positive years more schools built industry hope for Africa o 1970s Countries in limbo left out from progress o 1980s Enter a decline hunger famines civil wars o 1990s Total crisis turmoil wars Somalia Angola recently Libya and Egypt Potential Promoting travel o Geography Deserts to tropical rainforests Great Rift Valley 3 000mi Kalahari Serengeti Begins in Syria and extends south to Mozambique The Big Five attracts most visitors o Elephants rhinos lions leopards buffalos Ivory is a 16 billion industry People and their History Known as the birthday of the human race o Lucy People lived in the Middle East as early as 25000BC Egyptian civilization rises in the Nile isolation and source of water o Reached height 1400BC Islam was the next major force in the region o 700AD 1100s Powerful kingdoms south of the Sahara o Bushmen oldest inhabitants in South Africa o Berbers o Zulu largest group o Tuaregs Blue men of the Sahara wear blue clothes desert navigators brought salt across the desert following stars o Mandinka ivory coast to Cameroon west Africa brought over to America as slaves Mediterranean Coast Morocco Strategic location at the entrance of the Mediterranean success in trade From 1085 played an important role in Muslim domination of Spain Larger than California Western Sahara in South Morocco Race cars Atlas Mountains o Run SW to NE 4 imperial cities each the capital at one time 1 Rabat current capital French influence 2 Marrakesh The Red City Buildings made of red clay Located to the south 3 Meknes 4 Fez Oldest of imperial cities Built in 18th century Egypt The Gift of the Nile Lower Nile is to the north of Cairo o Nile flows north South of Cairo is upper Egypt Cairo capital Built to rival Paris as Louis XIV was building Versailles o Many tourist attractions can provide an immersion in Egyptian culture Egyptian Museum o Mixed population of Arabs Turks Africans and Europeans Giza o Suburb of Cairo o On the Nile o PYRAMIDS constructed Sphinx Great Pyramid of Cheops most famous largest single building ever Missing nose as a result of target practice by Napoleon s riflemen o Cosmopolitan city overcrowded o Tourism Memphis o First capital of Egypt o Southwest of Cairo Alexandria o Founded by Alexander the Great in 332BC Library o Egypt s largest port and second largest city o Beach resort Luxor most important tourist destination o 405mi from Cairo o Thebes imperial capital 2160BC Temple of Luxor considered the most important site in Egypt o Valley of the Kings Cemetery of the pharaohs Across the river The Safari Lands Runs along east Africa from Kenya to South Africa o Kenya Tanzania Zambia Botswana Namibia and South Africa Safari journey in Swahili common language in east Africa Land safaris via minibuses Wing safaris via airplanes Kenya Nairobi capital o one of Africa s largest cities Terrorist attack in 2004 tourism has suffered Nairobi National Park close proximity to city Tanzania result of joining Tanganyika Zanzibar Considered largest country in east Africa Home to 125 tribal groups Dar es Salaam capital and largest city Mt Kilimanjaro Africa s tallest mountain o Hemingway s The Snows of Kilimanjaro Ngorongoro Crater world s largest caldera o Home to more than 30 000 animals o Balanced ecosystem Serengeti National Park o Lions antelope and zebra Selous Game Preserve o World s largest animal preserve size of Switzerland Zambia Landlocked Lusaka capital Victoria Falls o Border of Zambia and Zimbabwe Cruises offered upriver Most of country is covered by bush a mix of woodland and savanna Botswana Landlocked One of the most desirable safari locations Gabarone capital and largest city Kalahari desert o Central part of the country o Home to bushmen one of the last hunter gatherer societies Chobe National Park o World s highest elephant population Namibia Windhoek capital and largest city o Architecture reflects its past as a German colony Namib Desert o One of the world s oldest and driest deserts Skeleton Coast o Along west coast o Foggy shipwrecks Etosha National Park o Northwest of capital o one of the world s largest game parks o Etosha Pan salt flats water holes attract animals South Africa 3x size of Texas 1600s Dutch settlers Afrikaners or Boers 3 Capitals very modern cities o Cape Town legislative o Pretoria administrative o Bloemfontein judicial Gold mines 28 of the world s gold Diamond mines Kruger National Park o Most important tourist attraction o SA s largest game park o One of the oldest and most famous parks Middle East In northern and eastern hemispheres Borders Mediterranean and Black seas to the north South borders Indian Ocean Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman Geographically refers to Israel Syria Lebanon and Jordan six countries on the Arabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia Bahrain Qatar United Arab Emirates Oman and Yemen and four countries of Asia Iraq Kuwait Turkey and Iran Politically Lebanon includes North African countries Morocco Algeria Tunisia Egypt and o Connected by religion Mesopotamia where Tigris and Euphrates meet in Iraq Two main travel destinations Israel and Turkey Israel 1948 Established by the UN Occupies narrow stretch of land along Mediterranean South desert Negev desert North Golan Heights and the Sea of Galilee Cities o Tel
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