FSU MAN 3240 - Chapter 12- Motivating Employees

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Chapter(12!!Motivating)Employees"12.1$Motivating$For$Performance$Motivation:$What$It$Is,$Why$It’s$Important$Motivation:)the)psychological)process)that)arouse)and)direct)goal5oriented)behavior)• Cannot)be)seen,)must)be)inferred.))Simple)motivational)model:)Undesired(need))Motivation))Behaviors()Rewards)Desire)is)created)to)fulfill)a)need)–as)for)food,)safety,)and)recognition.())!)You)search)for)ways)to)satisfy)the)need.())!)You)choose)a)type)of)behavior)you)think)might)satisfy)the)need.)))!)Two)types)of)rewards)satisfy)needs)–)extrinsic)or)intrinsic.(↑()))))↓)Feedback(Reward)informs)you)whether)behavior)worked)and)should)be)used)again.))))Extrinsic)reward:)the)payoff,)such)as)money,)that)a)person)receives)from)others)for)))) performing)a)particular)task.)o This)is)an)external)reward;)the)payoff)comes)from)pleasing)others))Intrinsic)reward:)the)satisfaction,)such)as)a)feeling)of)accomplishment,)which)a)person)))) receives)from)performing)the)particular)task)itself.)o This)is)an)internal)reward;)the)payoff)comes)from)pleasing)yourself.))You)want)to)motivate)people)for)these)reasons)(from)most)to)least)important))1. Join)your)organization)2. Stay)with)your)organization)3. Show)up)for)work)at)your)organization)4. Be)engaged)while)at)your)organization)5. Do)extra)for)your)organization))There)is)no)theory)accepted)by)everyone)as)to)what)motivated)people.)There)are)four)))) principle)perspectives:))1.)Content)2.)Process)3.)Job)Design)4.)Reinforcement))) )12.2$Content$Perspectives$on$Employee$Motivation$)Content)perspectives)(aka:)need5based)perspectives):)theories)that)emphasize)the)needs)))) that)motivate)people.))Needs:)physiological)or)psychological)deficiencies)that)arouse)b eha vior.))Besides)Theory)X)(pessimistic,)negative)view)of)employees)/Theory)Y)(optimistic,)positive)))) view)of)employees),)content)perspectives)include)four)theories:)o Maslow’s)hierarchy)of)needs)theory)o )ERG)theory)o McClelland’s)acquired)needs)theory)o Hertzberg’s)two5factory)theory)Maslow’s$Hierarchy$of$Needs$Theory:$Five$Levels$Maslow’s)hierarchy)of)needs)theory:)proposes)that)people)are)motivated)by)five)levels)of))) needs:))1. Physiological5)the)most)basic)human)physical)needs)(food,)water,)clothing,)))) shelter,)etc.))2. Safety5)Physical)safety)and)emotional)security,)so)that)a)person)is)concerned)))))with)avoiding)violence)and)threats.)3. Love5)Once)basic)needs)are)taken)care)of,)people)look)for)love,)friendship,)))) and)affection.)4. Esteem5)After)they)need)their)social)needs,)people)focus)in)such)matter)as)))) self5respect,)status,)reputation,)recognition)and)self5)confidence.)5. Self?actualization5)The)highest)level)of)need)is)self5fulfillment;)the)need)to)))) develop)one’s)fullest)potential,)to)become)the)best)on)is)capable)of)))) being.))Although)research)doesn’t)clearly)support)Maslow’s)theory,)it)remains)popular)with)managers)because)it)shows)that)workers)have)needs)beyond)that)of)just)earning)a)paycheck.)Alderfer’s$ERG$Theory:$Existence,$Relatedness,$&$Growth$ERG)Theory:)assumes)that)three)basic)needs)influence)behavior5)existence,)relatedness,)and)growth.))Unlike)Maslow’s)theory,)ERG)Theory)says)that)there)are)3,)not)5,)needs)that)can)be)fulfilled)))) simultaneously,)rather)than)one)tier)at)a)time.)1. Existence5)The)desire)for)physiological)and)material)well5being.)2. Relatedness5)The)need)to)have)meaningful)relationships)with)people)that)))) are)important)to)them.)3. Growth5)desire)to)grow)as)human)beings)and)to)use)out)abilities)to)their)))) fullest)potential.))McClelland’s$Acquired$Need$Theory:$Achievement,$Affiliation,$&$Power$Acquired)Need)Theory:)States)that)three)needs5)achievement,)affiliation,)and)power5)are)))) major)motives)determining)people’s)behavior)in)the)workplace.)• McClelland)argues)that)we)are)not)born)with)our)needs,)but)learn)them)from)our)culture.))The)Three)Needs:)1. Achievement5)“I)need)to)excel)at)tasks”)2. Affiliation5)“I)need)close)relationships”)3. Power5)“I)need)to)control)others”)))) There)are)two)different)types)of)power.)Personal)(control)of)other)))) people.)Involves)manipulation)for)selfish)reasons))and)institutional)))) (need)to)solve)problems)that)further)organizational)goals.)))Hertzberg’s$TwoOFactor$Theory:$From$Dissatisfying$Factors$to$Satisfying$Factors$Two5Factor)Theory:)proposes)that)work)satisfaction)and)dissatisfaction)arise)from)two)))) different)factors5)work)satisfaction)from)motivating)factors)and)work)dissatisfaction)))) from)hygiene)factors.)• Hygiene(factors5)“Why)are)my)people)dissatisfied?”:)Lower5level)needs)are)))) factors)such)as)salary,)working)conditions,)interpersonal)))) relationships,)and)company)policy5)all)of)which)affect)the)job)context)))) in)which)people)work.)" Ex:)Temperature)in)a)factory)that’s)not)air5conditioned)in)the)summer.)Installing)an)AC)will)remove)a)hygiene)factor)that)causes)job)dissatisfaction.)It)WILL)NOT,)however,)spur)factory)workers’)motivation)and)make)them)greatly)satisfied)in)their)work.)• Motivating(factors?)“What)will)make)my)people)satisfied?”:)Higher5level)needs,)or)))) simply)motivators,)are)factors)associated)with)job)satisfaction,)such)as)))) achievement,)recognition,)responsibility,)and)advancement5)all)of)which)))) affect)the)job)context)or)the)rewards)of)work)performance.)" Ex:)Giving)factory)workers)more)control)over)their)work.)Instead)of)repeating)a)single)monotonous)task)over)and)over)again,)a)worker)might)want)to)join)with)others)on)a)team)in)which)each)one)does)several)tasks.))If)you)were)a)manager)using)Two5Factor)Theory,)you’d)want)to)remove)hygiene)factors,)making)sure)that)working)conditions,)pay)levels,)and)company)policy)are)reasonable.)You)should)then)concentrate)on)spurring)motivation)by)providing)opportunities)for)achievement,)recognition,)responsibility,)and)personal)growth.)) )12.3$Process$Perspectives$on$Employee$Motivation$)Process)perspectives:)concerned)with)the)thought)process)by)which)people)decide)how)to)))) act5)how)employees)choose)behavior)to)meet)their)needs.))Three)process)perspectives)on)motivation:)• Equity(theory(• Expectancy(theory(• Goal?setting(theory(Equality$Theory:$How$Fairly$Do$You$Think$You’re$Be ing $Tr e ate d$in $R ela tion $to $O the rs ?$Fairness5)or)more)importantly,)the)perception)of)fairness5)can)be)a)big)issue)in)organization))Equality)Theory:)Focuses)on)employee)persecutions)as)to)how)fairly)they)thing)they)are))))


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FSU MAN 3240 - Chapter 12- Motivating Employees

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