DOC PREVIEW
WOU ES 105 - Fossil Fuel Resources

This preview shows page 1-2-3 out of 10 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

1Fossil Fuel ResourcesExam next TuesdayFebruary 14Bring Scantron and Review QuestionsSedimentary rocksAbout 75% of all rock outcrops on the continentsImportant to reconstruct much of Earth's historySediment is derived from weatheringWeatheringTwo kinds of weathering • Mechanical• ChemicalMechanical WeatheringChemical weathering• Chemical changes of minerals• Removing or adding elements • Most important agent is water Rates of weatheringImportant factors• Rock characteristics• Climate2Sedimentary RocksTwo main types• Clastic (or detrital) —Deposition of particles• Chemical—Precipitation from water (includes rocks formed by organisms)Types of Clastic Rocks• Shale (most abundant)• Sandstone• ConglomerateShale• Most common type of clastic rock• Very fine grained sediment• Usually gray• Tendency to split along planes (fissile)Shale with plant fossilsSandstone• Composed of sand-size particles• Environments include•Beach •River •Shallow sea•DunesSandstone3Conglomerate• Particles larger than 2 mm• Usually rock fragmentsConglomerateChemical rocksDissolved material precipitates to form sedimentary rock•Physical processes•Life processes (biochemical origin) Chemical rocks• Limestone– calcium carbonate– 90% precipitated by organisms• Most common type of chemical rockCoquina Close up of coquina4Fossiliferous limestoneChalkChemical rocksDirect precipitation from water• Chert, flint, jasper, opal or agate• Evaporites—Salt, Gypsum• Hotspring depositsRock saltFeatures of sedimentary rocks• Bedding and bedding planes• Size, shape and distribution of grain sizes• Fossils • Porosity• PermeabilityEconomic importance•Coal•Petroleum and natural gas • Sources of iron and aluminum5Petroleum Requirements• Source• Cooking• Reservoir•TrapHydrocarbon System• http://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/systems_home.htmlSOURCES• Shale with organic material• Gooey sludge on ocean floorDiatoms• Planktonicorganisms• Probable source of petroleumhttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/energy_capture/capture.htmlhttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/source/source.htmlCOOKING• Just right temperature• Just right pressure• Just right timeRESERVOIR• Permeable • Porous• Usually a sedimentary rock6PERMEABLE• Permits fluid throughflow• Nylon scrubbiePOROUS• Has open space• SpongeRESERVOIR• Permeable • and Poroushttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/reservoir/reservoir.htmlTRAP• Impermeable• Shale, commonly• (Usually not source shale)TrapAlmost no permeability or pore spacehttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/seal/seal.htmlSTYLES OF TRAPS• Structural• Stratigraphic7STRUCTURAL TRAPS• Anticline• Fault•Overthrust•Salt DomeANTICLINE TRAP• Reservoir sand• Capping shale • Arched foldPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979FAULT TRAP• Reservoir exists• Fault creates trapPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979OVERTHRUST TRAP• Reverse fault• Both fold and fault trapsPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979SALT DOME TRAPPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979SALT DOME TRAP• Rising dome deforms beds• Salt and shale impermeablePlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 19798STRATIGRAPHIC TRAPS• Sand pinch• Lens• Unconformity• ReefSAND PINCH TRAP• Deposition of sand • Shale deposited above sand–Deltas– Invading seasPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979Ganges Deltahttp://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/debrief/STS066/rep2.htmSAND LENS TRAP• Channel sand• Shifting channel of river• Shale abovePlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979Sand lensTraps frommeanderingstreamshttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/systems/traps/strat/strat_traps.htmlUNCONFORMITY TRAP• Reservoir rock tilted and eroded• Impermeable rock deposited above erosion surfacePlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 19799REEF TRAP• Porous reef core• Flanks also porous• Impermeable shale capPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979Alberta Reef depositLOCATIONS OF FUELS• Middle East• North AmericaAmerican Oil FieldsMAJOR OIL FIELDS IN NORTH AMERICAPlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979TITUSVILLE, PA• Oil Creek Valley in the 1860s• Phillips well (rt) 4000 bbl/day• Woodford well (lt) 1500 bbl/dayhttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/history/pennsylvania/tarr_farm.htmlOrigin of Pennsylvania Oil• Delta deposits of gooky mud with organics• Overlain by river sand• Sea invades and covers all with shale• Pennsylvanian Period• http://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/backyard/pennsylvania/pennsylvania_oil.html10Texas Oil• Lucas Gusher, 1901• Initial production 100,000 bbl/day• Salt dome trapshttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/history/spindletop/spindletop.htmlBoiler AvenueOn Spindletopsalt dome at Beaumont, Texashttp://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/history/spindletop/spindletop.htmlSignal Hill, Long Beach, CA1932http://www.priweb.org/ed/pgws/history/signal_hill/signal_hill2.htmlDrilling on the North SlopePlummer, McGeary Physical Geology, 2nd, Wm. C. Brown Co., 1979Drilling in the North SeaRocks and Fossils, Busbey, Doenraads, Willis and Roots, Fog City Press, 1997Top 10 Countries—Oil Statistics• Reserves• http://www.nationmaster.com/graph-T/ene_oil_res&int=10• Comsumption•


View Full Document

WOU ES 105 - Fossil Fuel Resources

Documents in this Course
Energy

Energy

6 pages

Fuels

Fuels

5 pages

Motion

Motion

39 pages

Motion

Motion

4 pages

Motion

Motion

24 pages

Motion

Motion

7 pages

Fuels

Fuels

4 pages

Fossils

Fossils

72 pages

Energy

Energy

46 pages

Motion

Motion

40 pages

Load more
Download Fossil Fuel Resources
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Fossil Fuel Resources and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Fossil Fuel Resources 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?