Diagram of Atom Atomic Structure Isotopes STM Chapter 5 Pages 88 108 Humphry Davy Michael Faraday Davy s assistant 1791 1829 Coined terms we use today for electrical circuits c 1840 1778 1829 British chemist 1807 found metals Electrolysis of Salts Anode Cathode Opposites attract particles particles particle ANION particle CATION Joseph John Thomson 1856 1940 1897 discovered nature of cathode rays Actually particles ELECTRONS Calculated mass to charge ratio of electrons Link to history of electron discovery http www aip org history electron http e3 uci edu clients bjbecker SpinningWeb lecture19 html 1 Cathode Ray Tube Cathode ray deflection diagram Cathode ray deflection photo Perforated cathode Robert A Millikan Static on oil drops 1868 1953 Discovered charge of an electron by oil drop experiment Calculated mass from Thomson s mass to charge ratio 1923 Nobel prize in physics http www physik uni frankfurt de jr gif phys millikan jpg 2 Antoine Henri Becquerel Marie Curie 1852 1908 Discovered spontaneous radioactivity 1867 1934 Named radioactivity Discovered polonium radium 1903 and 1911 Nobel prize in physics http www anlamak com tanimak yabanci Curie Marie htm http www chemistryexplained com Ar Bo Becquerel Antoine Henri html Radioactive emissions and their charge Ernest Rutherford 1871 1937 Named types of radiation Proposed nucleus of atom as explanation for alpha particle behavior in 1911 http www physics northwestern edu Phyx103 web nuc timeline html Gold foil deflects a few alpha particles Model to explain alpha particle deflection 3 Analogy of atom cont Atomic model analogy http www joesentell com panther panther htm http web ics purdue edu drhodes hort410 vgsd13 htm http www skynet ie ceason cormac stuff housefly anim gif http www sportslighting com feature ls html Hydrogen ion James Chadwick Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus 1891 1974 Discovered neutron Same mass as proton Accounts for isotopes 1935 Nobel prize in physics http news sina com cn cl 2001 12 07 414701 html Atomic Structure Protons Neutrons Electrons 4 Atomic Structure Atomic Structure Neutrons Protons Electrical charge 0 Mass 1 atomic unit Electrical charge 1 Mass 1 atomic mass unit u Atomic Structure Atomic Structure Electrons Protons Neutrons Make up the NUCLEUS NEW KLEE US Nucleons have mass NEW KLEE ONS Electrons minimal mass Electrical charge 1 Mass almost nothing 1 1837 of a proton Analogy of atom cont Protons and Neutrons in Nucleus http www joesentell com panther panther htm http web ics purdue edu drhodes hort410 vgsd13 htm http www skynet ie ceason cormac stuff housefly anim gif 5 Atomic Structure Atomic Structure Protons Neutrons Electrons Protons Atomic Structure Isotope notation Atomic Number Controls properties of elements Constant number for all atoms of the same element Neutrons Atoms may have different numbers of neutrons Different atomic masses of atoms of the same element ISOTOPES of the same element In class Activity 1 Stable Isotope of Sodium In class activity 2 Write the atomic number in this isotope notation In class activity 2 How many protons How many neutrons 6 In class activity 2 Electrons Positioned in energy levels First level 2 Second level 8 Higher levels temporarily fill with 8 How many nucleons What is the atomic mass number Neils Bohr s electron energy level diagram Periodic Table In Class Activity 3 Groups of the Periodic Table Alkali Metals first column Alkaline Earth Metals second column Halogens next to last column Noble Gases last column 7
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