DOC PREVIEW
WOU ES 105 - Correlation of Rock Layers

This preview shows page 1-2-3 out of 10 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 10 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

Earth Science 105Correlation of rock layersGrand CanyonBryce CanyonZion CanyonCorrelation of rock layers Fossils: evidence of past life Remains or traces of prehistoric life Types of fossilsPetrifiedPetrifiedMoldCast CarbonizationImpressionPreservation in amberIndirect Evidence Includes TracksConditions favoring preservation Fossils and correlation Principle of faunal successionGeologic Time ScaleArchean through DevonianCarboniferous through QuaternaryCambrian Marine LifeTrilobiteCrinoid—380 maOrdovician sea floorOrdovician InvertibratesSilurian reefSilurian LandscapeDevonian SeaMid PaleozoicLate PaleozoicCarboniferous Fern ForestsPermian ReptilesPermian SeaGeologic Time ScaleMesozoicMesozoicMesozoicMesozoicArcheopteryxMesozoic MammalMesozoic MammalJurassicCretaceousMesozoic SeaMesozoic seaCretaceous ExtinctionCenozoic mammalsCenozoicCenozoicCenozoicIndex fossilsUse of Index FossilsLABS MEET NEXT WEEKLAB TERMS1Earth Science 105Earth Science 11thed.Tarbuck & LutgensGeologic TimeChapter 11Correlation of rock layersMatching same age rocks • In local area• Across wide area• In different regionsGrand CanyonBryce CanyonZion CanyonCorrelation of rock layers• Matching rocks of similar age in different regions• Often relies upon fossils2Fossils: evidence of past lifeRemains or traces of prehistoric lifeTypes of fossils• Petrified• Formed by replacement •Mold•Cast• Carbonization • Impression• Preservation in amber• Indirect evidence PetrifiedCavities and pores are filled with precipitated mineral matterPetrifiedFormed by replacementCell material is removed and replaced with mineral matterMoldShell or other structure is buried and then dissolved by underground waterShape is preserved in the surrounding sedimenthttp://www.ammonoid.com/Manning.html3Cast Hollow space of a mold is filled with mineral matter CarbonizationOrganic matter becomes a thin residue of carbon. This is a ‘compression’of the original organismImpressionReplica of the fossil's surface preserved in fine-grained sedimentPreservation in amberHardened resin of ancient trees surrounds an organismIndirect Evidence Includes• Tracks• Burrows• Coprolites – fossil dung and stomach contents• Gastroliths– stomach stones used to grind food by some extinct reptilesTracksDinosaur footprint in fine-grained limestone near Tuba City, Arizona.4Conditions favoring preservation• Rapid burial• Possession of hard partsFossils and correlation• Principle of faunal succession• Index fossilsPrinciple of faunal succession• Proposed by William Smith – late 1700s• Fossil organisms succeed one another in a definite and determinable order, therefore any geologic time interval can be recognized by its fossil contentGeologic Time ScaleArchean through Devonianhttp://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect2/Sect2_1b.htmlCarboniferous through Quaternaryhttp://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect2/Sect2_1b.html5Cambrian Marine Lifehttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlTrilobitehttp://www.ststephens.it/biology/fossils.htmlCrinoid—380 mahttp://www.lsa.umich.edu/exhibitmuseum/exhibits/temporary_exhibits/Ordovician sea floorhttp://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/hefferan/Geol106/CLASS6/MAIN%20PAGE.htmOrdovician Invertibrateshttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlSilurian reef• Silurian Reefhttp://hoopermuseum.earthsci.carleton.ca/camex/1rpaleoreef.html6Silurian Landscapehttp://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/earth_worldbook.htmlDevonian Seahttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlMid Paleozoichttp://www.tufts.edu/as/wright_center/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_bio_4.htmlLate Paleozoichttp://www.tufts.edu/as/wright_center/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_bio_4.htmlCarboniferous Fern Forestshttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlPermian Reptileshttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.html7Permian Seahttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlGeologic Time Scale• Link to hypotheses of the Permian Extinctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permian_extinctionMesozoichttp://www.tufts.edu/as/wright_center/cosmic_evolution/docs/text/text_bio_4.htmlMesozoichttp://geography.berkeley.edu/ProgramCourses/CoursePagesFA2002/Geog40/Geog40.Week7.htmlMesozoichttp://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/earthhistory/dinosaur.html8Mesozoichttp://geography.berkeley.edu/ProgramCourses/CoursePagesFA2002/Geog40/Geog40.Week7.htmlArcheopteryxhttp://www.researchcasting.ca/sculpt%20miami.htm• Eomaiahttp://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs/diorama/Mesozoic Mammal Mesozoic Mammal• Repenomamushttp://www.amnh.org/science/papers/mesozoic_mammal.phpJurassichttp://www.worldbook.com/features/dinosaurs/html/world_mesozoic.htmlCretaceoushttp://www.worldbook.com/features/dinosaurs/html/world_mesozoic.html9Mesozoic Seahttp://geography.berkeley.edu/ProgramCourses/CoursePagesFA2002/Geog40/Geog40.Week7.htmlMesozoic seahttp://www.uky.edu/AS/Geology/webdogs/time/mesozoic/mesozoic.htmCretaceous Extinction• Perhaps 60% of species died• Result of radical change in environment• Perhaps Earth encountered a large meteorite—– 10 km in diameter– 90,000 km/hr– Equivalent to 100 megatons of TNT explodingCenozoic mammalshttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlCenozoichttp://www.handprint.com/PS/GEO/geoevo.htmlCenozoichttp://www.uky.edu/AS/Geology/webdogs/time/cenozoic/cenozoic.htm10Cenozoichttp://www.copyrightexpired.com/Heinrich_Harder/cenozoic.htmlIndex fossils• Widespread geographically• Existed for a short range of geologic timeUse of Index FossilsLABS MEET NEXT WEEK• Bring your lab manual to every lab class!!• Do the pre-lab activity, even if your instructor does not assign it!!• Bring a calculator, your textbook, something to write with• Next week we will be in NS 017 (downstairs at the south end)LAB TERMS• Stratification•Bed• Stratigraphy• Original horizontality• Superposition• Unconformity—misspelled in lab book• Cross-cutting relationships• Lateral


View Full Document

WOU ES 105 - Correlation of Rock Layers

Documents in this Course
Energy

Energy

6 pages

Fuels

Fuels

5 pages

Motion

Motion

39 pages

Motion

Motion

4 pages

Motion

Motion

24 pages

Motion

Motion

7 pages

Fuels

Fuels

4 pages

Fossils

Fossils

72 pages

Energy

Energy

46 pages

Motion

Motion

40 pages

Load more
Download Correlation of Rock Layers
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Correlation of Rock Layers and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Correlation of Rock Layers 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?