BIOSC 150 1nd Edition Lecture 28 Outline of Last Lecture I Study of Enzymes Outline of Current Lecture 1 Study of Enzymes 2 Helpers 3 Regulators 4 Reaction Rate Current Lecture Helpers Non protein helpers help enzymes to function o These helpers are derived from vitamins o Vitamins synthesize coenzymes Helpers aid in the transfer of electrons carrying something to the reaction Helpers are not part of the enzyme they simply react then leave Examples Nad Coenzyme A FAD o Reaction rate depends on substrate concentration o At V max enzyme is saturated o There are no more available binding sites for the substrate therefore the reaction levels off plateaus when there is a high level of substrate saturated reaction o Reaction rate depends on temperature o Going up there is an increase in kinetic energy in order to reach the transition state of the reaction o Going down denaturing of the protein is taking place due to increased vibration twisting and disruption of bonds in side chain These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o There is an optimal temperature for each reaction based on composure of the enzyme and its side chains o Reaction rate depends on pH o Hot environments have an optimal pH of 3 o Cold environments have an optimal pH of 7 o Charge of side chain changes with the pH and can affect binding to the active site pH affects amino acid charge o There are more protons at low pH therefore protonation of the side chain is more likely to occur Protease mediated cleavage can regulate enzyme activity irreversible reaction o Phosphorylation can regulate enzyme activity by affecting the conformational change and therefore allowing substrates to get in and bind activating the protein o Reversible reaction Allosteric Regulators important in the metabolism o Bind to site other than the active site o Bound favors substrate binding o Unbound unfavorable inhibits substrate binding
View Full Document
Unlocking...