BIOSC 150 1nd Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture I. TissuesII. OrgansIII. MuscleIV. Transmembrane functionsOutline of Current Lecture 1. Review for upcoming examCurrent LectureRough Endoplasmic Reticulum- contains ribosomes, important for protein glycosolation and synthesisSmooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- does not contain ribosomes, important for synthesis of phospholipids and steroids, stores calciumGolgi Apparatus- where proteins go after the rough er, further glycosolates proteins (differential glycosolation occurs here)Lysosomes- recycling center for proteins that are unproperly folded at the RERNucleus- will show up a dark circle on transmission electron micrograph, contains DNA, largest organelle in the cellMitochondria- highly folded, circular or oval structureCytoplasm- helps move organelle/ other objects around the cellLumen- hollow tube inside cellProtein Synthesis-Protein begins in the nucleus, exits the nucleus through nuclear pores, is carried to the ribosomes on the rough er where protein folding and glycosolation occurs, is then taken to the golgi apparatus where further differential glycosolation occurs, is then taken to one of three These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.places – the extracellular membrane to be secreted outside the cell, the lysosome to be recycled, or the plasma membrane. NRS- stands for nuclear recognition signal: a tag that allows proteins to enter the nucleus (madeof an amino acid strand)Plasma Membrane- selectively permeable barrier that allows small ions to pass throughIntermediate Filaments- proteins that help for cell structure and support, made of actinMicrotubules- proteins that aid in cell movement and structure of the cellTight Junction- can be observed between two separate cells, helps to hold cells together and does not allow dye or other filaments to pass throughGap Junctions- small “holes” in the spaces between cells that allows for the passage of small ions and suchApical Surface- the top part of an epithelial tissueTissue- a unit of cells brought together Organ- a unit of tissues brought togetherSignal recognition -Proteins are required at different places/ locations in the cell-There needs to be a certain tag to identify proteins and therefore send them to the different locations-NRS is am amino acid sequence located on proteins that allows for the passage of the proteins into the nucleus-Other proteins contain specific sugar tags that allows for their passage to other organelles**Specific proteins are required for specific functions at specific location in the
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