BIOSC 150 1nd Edition Lecture 17Outline of Last Lecture I. Data AnalysisII. Experimental DesignIII. ProgeriaOutline of Current Lecture 1. Biology of InheritanceCurrent Lecture-DNA is the biomolecule of inheritance-DNA strands are both copied in DNA replication; DNA can be copied using old strands as templates and this is important for cells receiving inheritance traitsChromosomes- DNA wrapped around proteins-DNA is therefore wrapped into chromosomes-Sperm and Egg each have a haploid set of DNA chromosomesDiploid- ½ haploid from mother + ½ haploid from father-The new diploid embryo will therefore have 2 sets of chromosomes-DNA changes are mutations; changes in DNA can occur during replicationWhy do we research inheritance?1. Diseases are inherited, therefore to stop inherited diseases from being carried to their offspring2. Study what traits are best for environments and what is an adapted trait3. To find patterns in inheritance4. To control breeding pertaining to animals-Limitations: Hard to find cures for diseases because most diseases are controlled by multiple genesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Mendel’s Research-Studied patterns in inheritance but not DNA-Looked at phenotypes in pea plants-Controlled cross breeding between 2 different pure breeds-Looked at patterns over multiple generationsResearch Question: Do phenotypes blend in offspring?Experiment: Cross-pollinated round peas with wrinkled peasResearch Results: All peas were round therefore phenotypes in the F1 generation do not blend, instead there are recessive and dominant genes-Mendel saw patterns in the inheritancePunnett Squares- predict offspring phenotype, genotype, and ratiosPompe Disease:-Unable to break down sugars (glucose) -Death threatening (most patients die around 2 years old)-Effects musclesPhenotype of Pompe Patients: 1. Weak2. Misshaped faces3. Weak skeletal muscles-Patients are the product of recessive genesFrom Research:-Lysosomes are filled with glycogen (cellular phenotype); acid hydrolases in lysosomes not functioning -Liposomal storage disease-Glycogen Storage
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