BIOSC 150 1nd Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture I. Subcellular StructuresOutline of Current Lecture 1. Subcellular structures continuedA. Protein Synthesis2. Disease Current LectureSteps in Protein Synthesis:1. Transcribe – information encoded by DNA into mRNA2. Translate – information encoded by mRNA into proteins3. Fold and modify proteins4. Deliver proteins to their proper place within or outside the cellThe Nucleus:-Largest organelle-Functions: DNA replication, transcription, mRNA processing, ribosome assemblyNuclear envelope- double membrane, selectively permeable barrierNuclear Envelopes Roles:1. Regulates traffic to protect and separate 2. Imports nucleotides for DNA and proteins3. Exports mRNA and ribosomes4. All traffic in and out of nucleus goes through the nuclear poresNuclear pores- connection between the nucleus and nuclear envelopeRibosomes- assembled in the nucleus, machines for protein synthesis-All RER signal sequence steer ribosome translating (endomembrane system and secreted proteins to the RER)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Proteins are folded and glycosylated in the RER lumen - Chaperone proteins monitor folding-Glycosolation is adding sugars to proteins-Protein quality control occurs in the RERProteasome- degrades misused prtoteins-The Golgi receives membrane bound packages of proteins (vesicles) for the RERFunction of Glycosolation:1. Protect the proteins for degradation2. Interactions with other membranes3. Regulate protein function4. Target
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