Campbell s Biology 9e Reece et al Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea The questions in Chapter 14 are mostly at the Application Analysis skill level The material in the chapter invites students to apply Mendel s laws and by doing so encourages problem solving Because of the human related Concept 14 4 a fair number of Synthesis Evaluation questions are included as well Very little of the chapter lends itself to Knowledge Comprehension questions only In addition to help students make maximum use of information presented about one or more specific traits a greater number of questions than usual is grouped together to explore brief scenarios or figures Multiple Choice Questions 1 What do we mean when we use the terms monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross A A monohybrid cross involves a single parent whereas a dihybrid cross involves two parents B A monohybrid cross produces a single progeny whereas a dihybrid cross produces two progeny C A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are heterozygous for two characters and a monohybrid cross involves only one D A monohybrid cross is performed for one generation whereas a dihybrid cross is performed for two generations E A monohybrid cross results in a 9 3 3 1 ratio whereas a dihybrid cross gives a 3 1 ratio Answer C Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 2 Why did the F1 offspring of Mendel s classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties A No genes interacted to produce the parental phenotype B Each allele affected phenotypic expression C The traits blended together during fertilization D One phenotype was completely dominant over another E Different genes interacted to produce the parental phenotype Answer D Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 3 What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants A There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas B Traits are inherited in discrete units and are not the results of blending C Recessive genes occur more frequently in the F1 generation than do dominant ones D Genes are composed of DNA E An organism that is homozygous for many recessive traits is at a disadvantage Answer B Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 1 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 2 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 4 How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE A 4 B 8 C 16 D 32 E 64 Answer B Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Application Analysis 5 The individual with genotype AaBbCCDdEE can make many kinds of gametes Which of the following is the major reason A segregation of maternal and paternal alleles B recurrent mutations forming new alleles C crossing over during prophase I D different possible alignments of chromosomes E the tendency for dominant alleles to segregate together Answer D Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 6 Why did Mendel continue some of his experiments to the F2 or F3 generation A to obtain a larger number of offspring on which to base statistics B to observe whether or not a recessive trait would reappear C to observe whether or not the dominant trait would reappear D to distinguish which alleles were segregating E to be able to describe the frequency of recombination Answer B Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 7 Which of the following differentiates between independent assortment and segregation A The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another B The law of segregation requires describing two or more genes relative to one another C The law of segregation requires having two or more generations to describe D The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I E The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis Answer A Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 3 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 8 Two plants are crossed resulting in offspring with a 3 1 ratio for a particular trait What does this suggest A that the parents were true breeding for contrasting traits B that the trait shows incomplete dominance C that a blending of traits has occurred D that the parents were both heterozygous for a single trait E that each offspring has the same alleles for each of two traits Answer D Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 9 A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes one for head shape H and one for tail length T Its genotype is HhTt Which of the following genotypes is possible in a gamete from this organism A tt B Hh C HhTt D T E HT Answer E Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Application Analysis 10 When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive for a single trait with a heterozygote what is the chance of producing an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype A 0 B 25 C 50 D 75 E 100 Answer C Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Application Analysis 11 Mendel accounted for the observation that traits which had disappeared in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2 generation by proposing that A new mutations were frequently generated in the F2 progeny reinventing traits that had been lost in the F1 B the mechanism controlling the appearance of traits was different between the F1 and the F2 plants C traits can be dominant or recessive and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F1 D the traits were lost in the F1 due to dominance of the parental traits E members of the F1 generation had only one allele for each trait but members of the F2 had two alleles for each trait Answer C Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 4 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 12 The fact that all seven of the pea plant traits studied by Mendel obeyed the principle of independent assortment most probably indicates which of the following A None of the traits obeyed the law of segregation B The diploid number of chromosomes in the pea plants was 7 C All of the genes controlling the traits were located on the same chromosome D All of the genes controlling the traits behaved as if they were on different chromosomes E The formation of gametes in plants occurs by mitosis only Answer D Topic Concept 14 1 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 13 Mendel was able to draw his ideas of segregation and independent assortment because of the influence of which of the following A His reading and discussion of Darwin s Origin of Species B The understanding of particulate inheritance he learned from renowned