Campbell s Biology 9e Reece et al Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles New questions are mostly at higher skill levels in this chapter The new questions represent newer material both in the chapter and in the area of biological research All questions with accompanying art work or questions grouped together as sets have been organized at the end of the chapter Multiple Choice Questions 1 If a horticulturist breeding gardenias succeeds in having a single plant with a particularly desirable set of traits which of the following would be her most probable and efficient route to establishing a line of such plants A Backtrack through her previous experiments to obtain another plant with the same traits B Breed this plant with another plant with much weaker traits C Clone the plant asexually to produce an identical one D Force the plant to self pollinate to obtain an identical one E Add nitrogen to the soil of the offspring of this plant so the desired traits continue Answer C Topic Concept 13 1 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 2 The human genome is minimally contained in which of the following A every human cell B each human chromosome C the entire DNA of a single human D the entire human population E each human gene Answer A Topic Concept 13 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 3 In the human species all somatic cells have 46 chromosomes Which of the following can also be true A A plant species privet shrubs has 46 chromosomes per cell B Some adult humans have 69 chromosomes per cell C Some adult humans have 23 chromosomes per cell D A certain fungal species has only one chromosome per cell E A certain bacterial species has 23 chromosomes Answer A Topic Concept 13 1 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 1 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 4 Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs asexual reproduction A Asexual reproduction but not sexual reproduction is characteristic of plants and fungi B In sexual reproduction individuals transmit 50 of their genes to each of their offspring C In asexual reproduction offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis D Sexual reproduction requires that parents be diploid E Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring Answer B Topic Concept 13 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 5 Which of the following defines a genome A representation of a complete set of a cell s polypeptides B the complete set of an organism s polypeptides C the complete set of a species polypeptides D a karyotype E the complete set of an organism s genes Answer E Topic Concept 13 1 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 6 At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype A prophase B metaphase C anaphase D telophase E interphase Answer B Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 7 The human X and Y chromosomes A are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike B are of approximately equal size and number of genes C are almost entirely homologous despite their different names D include genes that determine an individual s sex E include only genes that govern sex determination Answer D Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 8 Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n 16 A The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell B The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell C Each cell has eight homologous pairs D During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes E A gamete from this species has four chromosomes Answer C Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Application Analysis 2 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 9 Eukaryotic sexual life cycles show tremendous variation Of the following elements which do all sexual life cycles have in common I Alternation of generations II Meiosis III Fertilization IV Gametes V Spores A I IV and V B I II and IV C II III and IV D II IV and V E I II III IV and V Answer C Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 10 Which of these statements is false A In humans each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal chromosome B In humans the 23rd pair the sex chromosomes determines whether the person is female XX or male XY C Single haploid n sets of chromosomes in ovum and sperm unite during fertilization forming a diploid 2n single celled zygote D At sexual maturity ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis E Sexual life cycles differ with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization Answer D Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Knowledge Comprehension 11 Referring to a plant s sexual life cycle which of the following terms describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes A sporophyte meiosis B gametophyte mitosis C gametophyte meiosis D sporophyte mitosis E alternation of generations Answer B Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Application Analysis 3 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education Inc 12 Which of the following is an example of alternation of generations A A grandparent and grandchild each have dark hair but the parent has blond hair B A diploid plant sporophyte produces by meiosis a spore that gives rise to a multicellular haploid pollen grain gametophyte C A diploid animal produces gametes by meiosis and the gametes undergo fertilization to produce a diploid zygote D A haploid mushroom produces gametes by mitosis and the gametes undergo fertilization which is immediately followed by meiosis E A diploid cell divides by mitosis to produce two diploid daughter cells which then fuse to produce a tetraploid cell Answer B Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Application Analysis 13 The karyotype of one species of primate has 48 chromosomes In a particular female cell division goes awry and she produces one of her eggs with an extra chromosome 25 The most probable source of this error would be a mistake in which of the following A mitosis in her ovary B metaphase I of one meiotic event C telophase II of one meiotic event D telophase I of one meiotic event E either anaphase I or II Answer E Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 14 A given organism has 46 chromosomes in its karyotype We can therefore conclude which of the following A It must be human B It must be a primate C It must be an animal D It must be sexually reproducing E Its gametes must have 23 chromosomes Answer E Topic Concept 13 2 Skill Synthesis Evaluation 15 A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes If a cell of a usually diploid species with 42 chromosomes per cell is triploid this cell would be expected to