Chapter 10: Recombinant DNA Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics Multiple-Choice Questions1. Introduction; p. 192; easy; ans: dTraditional breeding programs:a. involve inserting a plasmid into a host cell.b. involve infecting a host plant with a virus.c. allow gene transfers between species incapable of hybridizing.d. depend on inherent genetic variability.e. allow the precise insertion of genes into a plant.2. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 192; easy; ans: cGenetically modified plants were first grown commercially in:a. 1965.b. 1985.c. 1996.d. 2001.e. 2009.3. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 193; moderate; ans: c Which of the following statements concerning restriction enzymes is FALSE?a. They are a type of endonuclease.b. They recognize DNA sequences typically four to six nucleotides long.c. They recognize single-stranded DNA sequences.d. Some make straight cuts in the DNA.e. They recognize specific palindromic sequences. 4. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 194; moderate; ans: a A sticky-ended fragment can join with another DNA segment only if that segment:a. has been cut with the same restriction enzyme.b. has been cut with the same ligase.c. is palindromic.d. is part of a plasmid.e. is part of a virus.5. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 194; easy; ans: eDNA ligase would most likely be used in recombinant DNA technology to:a. function as a vector.b. screen for recombinant plasmids.c. stimulate a transformed cell to divide.d. cut DNA into fragments with sticky ends.e. join DNA fragments together.6. Recombinant DNA Technology; pp. 194-195; easy; ans: eWhich of the following statements concerning vectors is FALSE?a. Vectors are used to transform cells.b. Vectors function as DNA carriers.c. A virus can be a vector.d. A plasmid can be a vector.e. A host cell can be a vector.7. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; difficult; ans: bBy definition, a transformed cell:a. contains a plasmid.b. contains a recombinant DNA molecule.c. contains a virus.d. functions as a vector.e. divides in such a way so as to amplify the DNA fragment.8. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195 moderate; ans: cThe ampR gene is used in recombinant DNA technology to:a. produce β-galactosidase.b. clone a particular gene fragment.c. screen for the presence of cells containing recombinant plasmids.d. help the bacterium to survive on a medium containing lactose.e. transform a bacterial cell.9. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: b Suppose a plasmid containing a gene of interest plus the ampR gene is used to transform E. coli cells. When these cells are placed on a medium containing ampicillin, what will happen?a. They will die.b. They will survive and grow.c. They will form blue colonies.d. They will glow with a green color.e. They will glow when provided with luciferin plus ATP.10. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: e An example of a selectable marker gene is:a. the gene for a green fluorescent protein.b. the luciferase gene.c. EcoRI.d. lacZ.e. ampR.11. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: b When the lacZ gene technique is used to detect recombinant DNA in host bacterial cells, the colonieswill appear _______ if the cells have been successfully transformed.a. redb. white c. blued. greene. fluorescent12. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; moderate; ans: e Which of the following would be linked to a promoter to determine if a particular gene introduced into a host cell is directing the synthesis of protein?a. ampRb. lacZc. X-gald. EcoRIe. the luciferase gene13. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; difficult; ans: eWhich of the following statements concerning DNA libraries is FALSE?a. A genomic library is obtained by cutting the entire genome of an organism.b. A cDNA library is obtained by using reverse transcriptase.c. A DNA library contains cloned fragments of most of an organism’s genome.d. A cDNA library lacks introns.e. A genomic library lacks exons.14. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: aIn recombinant DNA technology, reverse transcriptase is used to:a. synthesize cDNA.b. synthesize mRNA.c. cut DNA into fragments. d. amplify a specific gene.e. transfer a plasmid into a cell.15. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: bThe polymerase chain reaction is used to:a. determine where gene promoters are active.b. produce millions of copies of a DNA segment in a short time.c. determine if a gene inserted into a cell is active or inactive.d. produce a cDNA library.e. transform a cell.16. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: cThe Taq polymerase is used in recombinant DNA technology to:a. locate specific DNA segments.b. determine the nucleotide sequence of a specific gene.c. make up to a millionfold copies of a DNA segment in a few hours.d. make cDNA.e. carry out “shotgun cloning.”17. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 195; easy; ans: d One important characteristic the Taq polymerase is itsa. insensitivity to pH.b. ability to glow when in the presence of a suitable substrate.c. ability to be cloned.d. resistance to high temperature.e. ability to transform cells.18. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 197; difficult; ans: eIn recombinant DNA technology, cutting different samples of a single DNA molecule with different restriction enzymes allows one to:a. amplify the DNA molecule.b. carry out DNA hybridization.c. locate a gene of interest.d. determine the function of a gene.e. determine the nucleotide sequence of a gene.19. Recombinant DNA Technology; p. 198; moderate; ans: bThe first eukaryotic genome to be sequenced was that of:a. Haemophilus influenzae.b. Saccharomyces cerevisae.c. Arabidopsis thaliana.d. Agrobacterium tumefaciens.e. Caenorhabditis elegans.20. Plant Biotechnology; p. 198; easy; ans: eBy definition, hydroponics is the technique for growing: a. shoot tips.b. isolated leaf pieces.c. isolated rootsd. plant embryos.e. plants without soil.21. Plant Biotechnology; p. 198; easy; ans: bIt was not until the discovery of ________ that organ and tissue culture became feasible.a. hydroponics b. plant hormonesc. the importance of sucrose in nutrient solutions d. the essential mineral elements e. biotechnology22. Plant Biotechnology; p. 198; easy; ans: aBecause meristems lack _________ tissues, meristem culture results in plants that lack _________.a. vascular; virusesb. vascular; fungic. epidermal; viruses d. epidermal; fungie. epidermal; insect eggs23. Plant Biotechnology; p. 200; easy; ans: bCrown-gall tumors are produced by a(n):a. virus.b. bacterium.c.