IR 210 1st Edition Lecture 10 Current Lecture In the age of globalization the relationship with the Other has become more fundamental than ever Dominique Moisi Must we be tolerant of those who are not tolerant of us Not really dealt with by IR IR deals with state doesn t go into state Final Question What are the general lessons learned from case studies Case Study 1 How do worlds collide General lessons o I vs We emphasis on individualism freedom to do what you what community values sense of stability within community o Internationalization of domestic politics o Tension between political cultures and nation states o Impact of one s history on current political culture sets up agenda o Domino effect setting a precedent purpose of a corporation two competing goals The Cultural World Chapter 25 Three Dimensions 1 Traditional Culture the world of beliefs and practices creates cultural identities a One s race religion language create an identity for an individual and make them part of a community 2 Popular Culture global consumer culture music literature the arts and sports 3 Political Culture domestic and global a Domestic norm values and traditions promoted by political institutions b Global dominant political values norms rules and practices promoted by regimes international and regional organization treaties and informal interactions c Western US rule book Charles Taylor view that globalization is pushing three values over more traditional ones Individualism I over we loss of community Dominance of instrumental thinking Decisions are made on cost benefit analysis Over reliance on technology limits choices and alternatives How might that influence a traditional culture Force of globalization Are we becoming a single global culture Yes Friedman s Golden Straight Jacket o One highway different speeds No World Christian Encyclopedia 9 900 distinct religions 2 to 3 added each day o Diversity Yes spread of western legal system and systems of governance integration and collaboration No increase in the number of ethnic political organization NGOs and fundamentalists movements How are ethnic cultural communities reacting to globalization Protective Movements o Reaffirmation and promotion of core values o Don t want outsiders to have influence Ethnic groups that see their identity as being threatened keep the world out or limit interactio Entreprenurisl Communities ethnic communities that see and opportunity to grow in power and influence Make the world ours Where do fundamentalists like Al Qaeda fit Traditional Culture a Who we are b What should we do c Who they are What do cultural ethnic groups want Rejection of the secular state Did not buy into the argument that modernization the state secular citizenship is more important than other identities o State can ask you to pay taxes go to war obligations to the state Want autonomy their own state o Sharia law Four Possible Levels of Ethnic Identity 1 State Nationalists full assimilation melting pot 2 Social Ethnics partial identity with ethnic group 3 Communal Ethnics more exclusivity and encapsulation a Society develops in pillars b Consociationalism only way to keep stability is keep ethnic groups separate i Creation of an elite class to maintain stability c Future challenge multiple identities and competing loyalties 4 Ethnonationalism Separatist a Basque in Spain conflict in Ireland Congo Rwanda The Rise of Intolerance Communal violence Hate groups Communal ethnics ethnonationalists Tolerance of other cultures comes with education prosperity curiosity openness to new ideas and critical thinking Other reasons for intolerance State no longer gaining loyalty and identity Castells Competition over scarce resources and opportunities Cultures colliding movement of people Misinformation or stereotyping scapegoating Relative deprivation sociologica term racists you perceive that everyone is getting more than you Bolded points are important in times of crisis How did the world get it so wrong Assumption modernization would lead to educated citizens open minded tolerant Primordial affiliations replaced by national identity citizenship