IR 210 1st Edition Lecture 2 Current LectureNation, nation-state, stateWhat do we expect a state to do?- Security: protect citizens- Provides infrastructure- Provide a safety net- Maintain order- Protect sovereignty against other nations- Opportunities for social mobilityThree areas of activity to be a nation-stateFirst Level: basic level, minimal requirements to be a nation-state1. Protect borders2. Means of exchange or marketplace3. System of law and order, justice-failed state doesn’t do one or more of the three areas of activitySecond Level: accumulation of wealth1. Taxesa. Infrastructure investment (freeways, airports, ports)b. Small business loansThird Level: redistribution- Give back funds to citizens to keep system happy- Make sure some people aren’t too wealthy and not have too many benefits- Ex: student loans, state universities- How far to we go to redistribute? Political culture- How does our relationship with other states influence what we do for our citizens?- How does globalization affect our state’s ability to redistribute resourcesReview the charts- Identify common assumptions and critical differences- Voices-foundations, modern-contemporary- Know major IR voices and core assumptions- Is IR dominated by western ideas and theories?Problems- Marginalization of certain voices- IR dominated by western texts- Translation of western literatureCase Studies: consider the issues in stories from contending world viewpointsTrying to Find OzWhy was she asked to leave Australia? - No proof of citizenship, did not meet the requirements of refugeeWhy couldn’t they just hide this? - Didn’t want to strain relationship with China- Push for immigration policy reform in Australia, anti-immigrant- History: Australia has not been friendly to ChinaWorld viewpoints- Machiavellian: strongly opposed to open immigration, nationalism- Egalitarians, quality of lifers, private enterprisersMachiavellian standpoint- Trade with China- Use this as a way of leverage nations against one another- Security issues- Not worth making an issue, domestic issue not an international relations issue- Keep out of headlinesKeep in mind electoral votes- ConcernsGrotian standpoint- Should she be able to stay?- What is the international law precedent- Want a rule based system, reciprocity?- If we kick this person out, they’ll kick our people out, situation regarding extraditionBroader IR issues- Think in terms of a funnel- Is this just about China and Australia? Or their image in the world? Trust and reciprocity? Does Australia emphasize human rights? - Niche diplomacy Kantian standpoint- Where do you find them? NGOs, Think Tanks, Doctors without Borders, Amnesty International, etc…- Critical factor: protect human rights- National approach vs. human interest approachSecond ApplicationIs Obama a socialist?- In between egalitarian and private enterpriseSociety vs. community (Rwanda)Why does poverty and inequality persist?Rockwood CaseWhy is this case like the Oz case?- Individual up against the system- Big decision has to be made- Involves a debate between human rights and following rules- Potential of another country intervening- National interest vs. human interestWhat do we know about Captain Rockwood?- Comes from a military family- Wanted to be a priest- Inspired by a speech given by Clinton, Clinton said that we’re fighting against human atrocities- Inspired by the fact that we can help Haitians develop a democracy like ours- American rulebook: human rights, freedom, equality, justiceWhy are we going into Haiti?- Stable government in Haiti- Close to Florida- Clinton’s interest: illegal immigrants from Haiti to Florida, Florida has a lot of electoral