EE249 Embedded System Design Models Validation and Synthesis Alberto Sangiovanni Vincentelli 1 EECS249Fall08 I believe we are now entering the Renaissance phase of the Information Age where creativity and ideas are the new currency and invention is a primary virtue where technology truly has the power to transform lives not just businesses where technology can help us solve fundamental problems Carly Fiorina CEO Hewlett Packard Corporation 2 EE249Fall08 eMerging Societal Scale Systems New System Architectures New Enabled Applications Massive Cluster Gigabit Ethernet Clusters Diverse Connected Physical Virtual Fluid Information Appliances Server Client Scalable Reliable Secure Services Embedded Systems MEMS BioMonitoring 3 EE249Fall08 Embedded Systems Computational but not first and foremost a computer Integral with physical processes sensors actuators Reactive at the speed of the environment Heterogeneous hardware software mixed architectures Networked shared adaptive 4 Source Edward A Lee EE249Fall08 Observations We are on the middle of a revolution in the way electronics products are designed System design is the key also for IC design Start with the highest possible level of abstraction e g control algorithms Establish properties at the right level Use formal models Leverage multiple scientific disciplines 5 EE249Fall08 Course overview Managing Complexity Orthogonalizing Concerns Behavior Vs Architecture Computation Vs Communication 6 EE249Fall08 Behavior Vs Architecture Comm and comp resources Models of Computation 1 Quantity estimation Synthesis HW and SW 7 System 2 Architecture System Behavior Mapping 3 Refinement Flow To Implementation 4 Assign functionality to arch elements HW SW partitioning Scheduling Polis 1990 1996 VCC 1996 2003 Metropolis 2003 present EE249Fall08 Behavior Vs Communication Clear separation between functionality and interaction model Maximize reuse in different environments change only interaction model ETROPOLIS 8 EE249Fall08 Administration Office hours Alberto Tu Th 12 30pm 2pm or better by appointment 2 4882 Teaching Assistant Kelvin Lwin klwin eecs berkeley edu 9 EE249Fall08 Grading Grading will be assigned on Homework 30 Project 50 Reading assignments 10 Labs 10 Bi weekly homework HW n is due the same day HW n 1 is handed out 10 EE249Fall08 Schedule Schedule is tight Don t fall behind Labs Th 4 6 Presentation of tools followed by hands on tutorial and assignments to turn in after 2 weeks we might have to skip some labs Discussion Session Tu 5 6 Each student possibly in groups of 2 people will have to make one or more oral presentations during the class Last two weeks of class dedicated only to projects usually due the 1st or 2nd week of Dec Auditors are OK but please register as P NP resources are assigned according to students HW 1 handout HW 1 due 1 week Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 1 due Lab 3 Lab 2 HW 3 due handout Lab 4 HW 2 due 11 EE249Fall08 Links Class website http inst eecs berkeley edu ee249 12 EE249Fall08 Outline of the course Part 1 Introduction Design complexity Example of embedded systems traditional design flow Platform Based Design Part 2 Functional modeling Introduction to models of comput ation Finite State Machines and Co Design Finite State Machines analysis and simulation Part 3 Architecture and performance abstraction Part 4 Mapping Kahn Process Networks Data Flow Petri Nets Hybrid Systems Unified frameworks the Tagged Signal Model Agent Algebra Definition of architecture examples Distributed architecture coordination communication Real time operating systems scheduling of computation and communication Definition of mapping and synthesis Software synthesis quasi static scheduling Behavioral synthesis Communication Synthesis and communication based design Part 5 Verification Validation vs Simulation Verification of hybrid system Interface automata and assume guarantee reasoning Part 6 Applications Automotive CAN Flexray Auotosar Architecture GM car architecture scheduling and timing analysis Building automation BanNet LonWorks ZigBee with applications to monitoring and security 13 EE249Fall08 Outline for the Introduction Examples of Embedded Systems Their Impact on Society Design Challenges Embedded Software and Control 14 EE249Fall08 Electronics and the Car More than 30 of the cost of a car is now in Electronics 90 of all innovations will be based on electronic systems 15 EE249Fall08 Automotive Industry Three Levels of Players Automakers 2005 Revenue 1 1T CAGR 2 8 2004 2010 Tier 1 Suppliers 90 of revenue from automotive 2004 Revenue 200B CAGR 5 4 2004 2010 IC Vendors 15 of revenue from automotive 16 2005 revenue 17 4B CAGR 10 2004 2010 Source Public financials Gartner 2005 EE249Fall08 More functions features Less hardware Potential inflection Faster point Now 100M Lines of Code 9900 Wheel Motor Hybrid PT Electric Brake OBD II Passive Entry ABS HI Spd Data Side Airbags MechanicalRear aud vid TCC Head Airbags CDs EGR Electric Fan 1970s 1980s Subsystem Controls Features Source Matt Tsien GM AVG 1990s ABS Antilock Brake System ACC Adaptive Cruise Control BCM Body Control Module DoD Displacement On Demand ECS Electronics Controls and Software 20 ECUs 76 2000s 50 ECUs 150 BCM 1M Lines Electric Ignition 1182 196 Software 2 ACC Other Electronics 9 13 Rear Vision OnStar 400 Value from Electronics Software Challenge Electronics Controls and Software Shifting the Basis of Competition in Vehicles Fuel Cell AVG Other DoD 8 Software 13 GDI Electronics 24 Mechanical 55 2010s 2020s EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation Vehicle Integration GDI Gas Direct Injection OBD Onboard Diagnostics System Connection TCC Torque Converter Clutch PT Powertrain Forefront of Innovation EE249Fall08 GM SAC Vehicular Electronics Controls and Software Study Software content in automobiles could increase by 100 X over the next 5 6 years Challenges will include Software system architecture Partitioning for modularity system reliability Reuse Standardization of interfaces 18 EE249Fall08 19 EE249Fall08 20 EE249Fall08 OTIS Elevators 1 EN GeN2 Cx 2 ANSI Gen2 GEM 3 JIS GeN2 JIS 21 EE249Fall08 Segments Attribute Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Stops Rise 20 stops 64 stops 128 stops 1 8 cars 1 8 cars 4 m s 15 m s Basic Advanced Hi End Dispatch Basic Perf Limited Perf Advanced Perf Basic FM Advanced FM Advanced FM Code EN ANSI JIS EN ANSI JIS EN ANSI JIS Remote Service Yes Yes Yes Price Sensitivity High High Med Med Market Utility Utility Design Design Opportunity 6 stops 20m Group Size Speed Op
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