1EE249Fall04Part2: Platform-based DesignPPlatformDesign-SpaceExportPlatformMappingArchitectural SpaceApplication SpaceApplication InstancePlatform InstanceSystem (Software + Hardware)PlatformASV Triangles2EE249Fall04Outline• Platforms: a historical perspective• Platform-based Design• Three examples– Pico-radio network– Unmanned Helicopter controller– Engine Controller3EE249Fall04Platform-Based Design Definitions:Three PerspectivesSystem DesignersSemiconductorAcademic(ASV)4EE249Fall04System DefinitionEricsson's Internet Services Platform is a new tool for helping CDMA operators and service providers deploy Mobile Internet applications rapidly, efficiently and cost-effectivelySource: Ericsson press release5EE249Fall04Platform Architectures: Philips NexperiaMiddlewareJavaTV, TVPAK, OpenTV, MHP/Java, proprietary ...ApplicationsNexperia HardwareStreaming andPlatform SoftwareKernel: pSOS, VxWorks, Win-CETM-xxxxD$I$TriMedia CPUDEVICE IP BLOCKDEVICE IP BLOCKDEVICE IP BLOCK...DVP SYSTEM SILICONDEVICE IP BLOCKPRxxxxD$I$MIPS CPUDEVICE IP BLOCK...DEVICE IP BLOCKPI BUSSDRAMMMIDVP MEMORY BUSPI BUSTriMedia™MIPS™Source: PhilipsHardwareSoftware6EE249Fall04Platform Types“Communication Centric Platform”– SONIC, Palmchip– Concentrates on communication– Delivers communication framework plus peripherals– Limits the modeling effortsSiliconBackplane™(patented){SiliconBackplaneAgent™Open Core Protocol™MultiChipBackplane™DSPMPEGCPUDMACMEMI OSONICs ArchitectureSource: G. Martin7EE249Fall04Platform-types:IBMPowerPC7/00MindspeedSkyRailgigabit serial I/O9/00RocketChipsmixed-signal IPacquisition10/00Wind RiverO/S3/01Virtex-II Proproduction3/02“Highly-Programmable Platform (Virtex-II Pro)”Xilinx8EE249Fall04Quote from Tully of Dataquest 2002“This scenario places a premium on the flexibility and extensibility of the hardware platform. And it discourages system architects from locking differential advantages into hardware. Hence, the industry will gradually swing away from its tradition of starting a new SoC design for each new application, instead adapting platform chips to cover new opportunities.”9EE249Fall04Outline• Platforms: a historical perspective• Platform-based Design• Three examples– Pico-radio network– Unmanned Helicopter controller– Engine Controller10EE249Fall04“Platform-Based Design” concept as a major paradigm shift for Gigascale design“Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, a key originator of the concept, defines a platform as….."EETimes, 20thYear Anniversary Edition, September 12, 200211EE249Fall04Platform-based Design(ASV Triangles 1998)• Platform: library of resources defining an abstraction layer– hide unnecessary details – expose only relevant parameters for the next stepIntercom Platform (BWRC, 2001)WirelessProcessorProtocolBasebandProcessorFlashXilinxFPGAADCDACRFFrontendBusSonics Silicon BackplaneTensilicaXtensaRISC CPUASICs SRAMSpeechSamplesInterfaceUARTInterfaceExternalBusInterfacePlatformDesign-SpaceExportPlatformMappingArchitectural SpaceApplication SpaceApplication InstancePlatform InstanceSystem (Software + Hardware)Platform12EE249Fall04Principles of Platform methodology:Meet-in-the-Middle• Top-Down:– Define a set of abstraction layers– From specifications at a given level, select a solution (controls, components) in terms of components (Platforms) of the following layer and propagate constraints• Bottom-Up:– Platform components (e.g., micro-controller, RTOS, communication primitives) at a given level are abstracted to a higher level by their functionality and a set of parameters thathelp guiding the solution selection process. The selection process is equivalent to a covering problem if a common semantic domain is used.EE249Fall04SpecificationAnalysisAfter Sales ServiceCalibrationImplementationDevelopment ProcessBusesBusesMatlabCPUsBusesOperatingSystemsBehavior Components Virtual Architectural ComponentsC-CodeIPsASCETECUECU--11ECUECU--22ECUECU--33BusBusf1f1f2f2f3f3System Behavior System PlatformMappingPerformance AnalysisRefinementEvaluation ofArchitectural and Partitioning AlternativesSeparation of Concerns (1990 Vintage!)14EE249Fall04FunctionFunction SpaceArchitecture PlatformFormal MechanismLibrary ElementsClosure underconstrained composition(term algebra)Platform Instance15EE249Fall04Architecture PlatformFormal MechanismSemantic PlatformPlatform InstanceAll Platform behaviors(non deterministic)16EE249Fall04MappingPlatform InstanceFunctionSemantic PlatformFunction SpaceMapped InstanceAdmissible Refinements17EE249Fall04ASV Triangles RevisitedPlatformDesign-SpaceExportPlatformMappingArchitectural SpaceApplication SpaceApplication InstancePlatform InstanceSemantic PlatformPlatform18EE249Fall04Analog Platforms• Platform characterization– Analog Constraint Graphs (conservative configuration space)– Adaptive characterization process• Developed tools for:– platform characterization client/server framework with GUI– system exploration AP specific Simulated Annealing Optimizer• Case studies:– UMTS receiver– 2 LNA platforms, 1 mixer– Interface modeling LNA <-> mixer– Behavioral models validation– System exploration– ADC residue amplifier– OpAmp platform– Digital calibration for linearity– Exploration of power-linearity tradeoffs (with calibration)• Next steps:– Automatic generation of conservative ACG schedules– New case studies with the BWRC (Picoradio base-band power estimation)– Extension to higher level platforms19EE249Fall04Platform-Based Implementation•Platforms eliminate large loop iterations for affordable design•Restrict design space via new forms of regularity and structure that surrender some design potential for lower cost and first-pass success•The number and location of intermediate platforms is the essence of platform-based designSilicon ImplementationApplicationSilicon ImplementationApplication20EE249Fall04Platform-Based Design Process• Different situations will employ different intermediate platforms, hence different layers of regularity and design-space constraints• Critical step is defining intermediate platforms to support: – Predictability: abstraction to facilitate higher-level optimization–Verifiability: ability to ensure correctnessArchitectureLogic RegularityComponent Regularity and ReuseRegular FabricsGeometrical Regularity Silicon Implementation21EE249Fall04Implementation Process• Skipping
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