PSYCH 333 1nd Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I Biological Treatments of Bipolar II Etiology of Bipolar Disorder Psychological III Psychological Treatment of Bipolar IV Suicide Terminology V Epidemiology of Suicide VI Why Do People Attempt Suicide Outline of Current Lecture II Anxiety Disorders III Specific Phobia IV Social Anxiety Disorder V Panic Disorder VI Agoraphobia VII Generalized Anxiety Disorder VIII Biological Theories Current Lecture Anxiety Disorders o Specific phobia o Social anxiety disorder social phobia o Panic disorder o Agoraphobia o Generalize anxiety disorder Specific Phobia o Fear of a specific situation object o Subtypes Animal bears lions spiders etc Natural environment heights water thunderstorms etc Situational onset in later in childhood or adulthood bridges driving claustrophobia etc Blood injection injury tends to run in families Other Social Anxiety Disorder o Fear of humiliation judgment and evaluation These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Subtype performance only comes out when they have to do public speaking o Typical age of onset adolescence o Comorbidities Depressions substance use alcohol and marijuana personality disorders o Associated features Difficulties with assertiveness both extremes o Changes over the course of the disorder Panic Disorder o Fear of having panic attack o Recurrent unexpected panic attacks o What is a panic attack Acute ANS arousal o Onset typically in adolescence early adulthood o Associated features Nocturnal panic attacks sensitivity to interoceptive and presentation for medical care Agoraphobia o Fear of having anxious symptoms in a place where they cannot escape or seek help o At most severe client may be homebound o Low remission rates without treatment it won t go away o Comorbid with panic disorder social phobia and PTSD Generalized Anxiety Disorder o Worry warts o Worry or anxiety about many things o Patients often present with muscle pain headaches and insomnia o Course tends to be chronic o Content of worries tends to change across the lifespan o Comorbid with depression other anxiety disorder Theories and Treatment of Anxiety Disorder Biological Theories o Genetics 20 40 for most anxiety disorder 50 for panic behavioral inhibitions neuroticism o Macroanatomy Fear circuit Amygdala hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex Amygdala sees the threat the medial prefrontal cortex will assure that it is or is not a threat and then the hippocampus will remember the issue to avoid it for future reference Locus Coeruleus Panic disorder o Microanatomy Neurotransmitters Serotonin Norepinephrine GABA o Neuroendocrine system HPA axis activation Fight or flight response Cortisol adrenaline
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