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WSU PSYCH 333 - A Look Into Research Methods in Abnormal Psychology
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PSCYH 333 1nd Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. What is a Diagnosis?II. Reliability and Validity.III. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM).IV. Cultural Considerations.V. How are Diagnosis Made?VI. Cultural Considerations (part two).Outline of Current Lecture II. Research BasicsIII. Case StudyIV. Correlation DesignV. Experimental DesignVI. Meta-AnalysisCurrent Lecture- Research Basics:o Theory. Framework for understanding behavior (usually cause and effect). Example: cognitive theory – the way we think about ourselves, the world, and the future causes mental illness.o Hypothesis. Idea that should be true based on the theory. Statement that can be tested. Example: if someone has negative views of themselves that are stable andpervasive, then they will be depressed.- Case Study:o Detailed information about one person.o Pros: Rich description of clinical phenomena. Can disprove a theory. Can generate future hypotheses.o Cons: Lack of objectivity – author’s biases. Anecdotal evidence – can be spurious.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Correlational Design:o Are X and Y related? How?o Example: is the quality of your sleep related to your academic performance? Epidemiological studies.o Pros: Naturalistic. Often easier to collect data.o Cons: Cannot show causality – “directionally problem.” 3rd variable problem.- Experimental Designs:o Random assignment of participants to different conditions.o Manipulation of the independent variable.o Measurement of the dependent (outcome) variable.o Control for possible confounds.o Pros: Can show causation. High internal validity (with appropriate controls).o Cons: Can below in external validity. May be impossible (example, you cannot manipulate exposure to trauma).o Randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Clients are randomly assigned to a treatment condition or a control condition. Compare outcomes between the two groups.o How to define a treatment condition: Trained therapists. Treatment manual.o How to define a control condition: No treatment/wait-list control. Placebo control.o Identifying a sample.- *Think-Pair-Share*o Independent variable; medication or no medication.o Dependent variable; people’s mood/emotion.o Sample; structured clinical administration.o Define control group; placebo/no treatment.o Define treatment; therapy.- Other Experimental Designs:o Single-case experiment. ABAB (reversal) design. Baseline – treatment – baseline conditions – treatment.o Analogue studies. Study related phenomena. Temporary induction of symptoms. College students. Animal analogues.- Meta-Analysis:o Combining research findings across several different studies.o Effect size. How large is the effect of X and Y?o Can be done with correlational or experimental data.o Pros: Averaging effect sizes reduces the impact of spurious results.o Cons: Poor quality studies may enter into a meta-analysis and alter the


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WSU PSYCH 333 - A Look Into Research Methods in Abnormal Psychology

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 3
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