CSE 141L Computer Architecture Lab Summer Session I 2005 Lecture 1 Pramod V Argade CSE141 Computer Architecture Lab Instructor Pramod V Argade p2argade cs ucsd edu Office Hour Tue 7 30 8 50 PM Center 105 Wed 4 30 5 30 PM EBU3 2204 TAs Anjum Gupta a3gupta cs ucsd edu Jianhua Liu jhliu cs ucsd edu Readers Anthony Choi buchoi cs ucsd edu Than Khar Chin thchin cs ucsd edu Textbook LogicWorks 5 Interactive Circuit Design Software Capilano Computing Systems 2004 Available in UCSD Bookstore Web page Pramod Argade http www cse ucsd edu classes su05 cse141L UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 2 1 Prerequisites Completed CSE 140 140L Completed CSE 141 or currently enrolled in Working knowledge of LogicWorks 4 5 Experience in C C or Java and assembly programming UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Pramod Argade Slide1 3 Evolution of Intel Processors Processor 4004 8008 8080 8086 286 Intel I386 Intel I486 Intel Pentium Intel Pentium II Intel Pentium III Intel Pentium 4 Intel Itanium Intel Itanium 2 Year of Introduction Transistors 1971 1972 1974 1978 1982 1985 1989 1993 1997 1999 2000 2002 2003 2 250 2 500 5 000 29 000 120 000 275 000 1 180 000 3 100 000 7 500 000 24 000 000 42 000 000 220 000 000 410 000 000 1 Bit Memory 6 Transistors 1 Inverter 2 Transistors 1 NAND gate 4 Transistors 1 NOR gate 4 Transistors http www intel com research silicon mooreslaw htm Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 4 2 Pentium 2 Photomicrograph http microscope fsu edu chipshots pentium pent2large html Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 5 Microprocessor Design Steps Design Instruction Set Architecture ISA Develop software generation tools Compiler Assembler Linker Debugger Libraries Code applications Develop Instruction Set Simulator ISS Run applications gather run time statistics tune ISA Design the processor tune implementation Verify the processor Fabricate the chip Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 6 3 Lab Course Assignment Design a Statistics Processor Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 7 Statistics Background Mode Most frequent value Can have multiple modes You can assume that there is only one mode for your data sets Median At least half the numbers in the list are less than median Sort the list in ascending order If odd number of elements median is the middle value If even number of elements median is average of middle two values Mean Average of all elements Round average up if fractional part 0 5 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 8 4 Description of the Course Lab1 Design Instruction Set Architecture ISA and code 3 programs in assembly for your machine Lab2 Develop an instruction set simulator ISS and test your programs from Lab 1 Lab3 Develop datapath for your architecture and test it Lab4 Develop hardware for your processor and test your programs from Lab 1 UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Pramod Argade Slide1 9 CSE141L Course Schedule Lecture Date Time Room Topic Assignment Due 1 Tue 6 28 6 7 15 PM Center 105 Assignment 1 ISA 2 Tue 7 5 6 7 15 PM Center 105 Assignment 2 ISS Assembler 1 3 Tue 7 12 6 7 15 PM Center 105 Assignment 3 Datapath 2 4 Tue 7 19 6 7 15 PM Center 105 Assignment 4 CPU 3 Tue 7 26 No Lecture July 26 28 Students demonstrate their working CPU Design to TAs by appointment Assignment 4 reports are due July 26th at 6 PM in the Lab AP M 2444 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 10 5 Grading All Labs are worth 100 points Weight of each Lab towards final grade Lab1 20 Lab2 20 Lab3 25 Lab4 35 Reports beginning of the class in two weeks No late submissions Everyone in the group gets the same grade Appeal grade on Lab to TA within 1 week Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 11 Administrative From groups of preferrably 3 students Don t leave without forming a group Can t change group w o approval Computer accounts distributed in class Lab AP M 2444 PCs have LogicWorks Unix workstations AP M B402 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 12 6 Academic Honesty Do Work within your own group Don t Discuss solutions between groups Discuss with someone who took the course before Look at completed project of other group Find solutions on the Web or in textbooks Copy design from someone outside the group Alter LogicWorks data Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 13 Lab 1 Construct 8 bit ISA Optimize only for 3 given programs Lab 1 due in the beginning of class July 5th What you will turn in for this Lab Lab report covering all the issues outlined below Assembly code and hand assembled machine code for three programs in your ISA Instruction and data files for the three programs Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 14 7 Program 1 Mode D Mem 0 of elements of an array of unsigned bytes D Mem 1 starting address of array a Find the mode i e most frequent value and save it in D Mem 2 Initially D Mem 0x09 0x06 0xde 0xad 0xf0 0x0d 0x4 0x7 0x4 0x5 0x7 0x4 0x5 0x6 0x4 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 15 Program 2 Median D Mem 0 of elements of an array of unsigned bytes D Mem 1 starting address of array a Find Median value and save it at D Mem 2 Initially D Mem 0x09 0x07 0x10 0xdd 0xdd 0xdd 0xdd 0xdd 0x78 0xff 0x65 0x55 0xea 0x23 0x9d 0x09 0x44 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 16 8 Bubble Sort Early Out limit num 1 flag true while flag flag false for int i 0 i limit i if a i a i 1 temp a i a i a i 1 a i 1 temp flag true limit limit Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 17 Program 3 Mean D Mem 0 starting address of array a D Mem 1 16 of elements of array a of unsigned bytes Find the mean average value for the elements of a Your program may be specific to mean of 16 elements You must round the mean to nearest unsigned byte Initially D Mem 0x08 0x10 0xde 0xad 0xf0 0x0d 0xdd 0xdd 0xff 0x12 0x80 0x27 0x34 0x87 0xce 0x46 0x01 0xdd 0x5d 0xd8 0x76 0x49 0xbf 0x06 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 18 9 Tips for Mean Design specifically for count 16 No general divide instruction needed Is there an easy way to divide by 16 Addition of 2 unsigned bytes produces a 9 bit result How many bits are required for upper result of a sum of 16 unsigned bytes How to determine whether the fraction is 0 5 Pramod Argade UCSD CSE 141L Spring 2005 Slide1 19 Design Goals Minimize dynamic instruction count Distinguish dynamic instruction count from static instruction count what are the implications of both counts Simplify your processor hardware design You will …