CSE 141L Design your own processor What you ll do learn Xilinx toolflow learn Verilog language propose new ISA implement it optimize it for FPGA compete with other teams Grading 15 lab participation webboard 85 various parts of the labs CSE 141L Design your own processor Teams two people pick someone with similar goals you keep them to the end of the class more on the class website http www cse ucsd edu classes sp08 cse141L Course Staff 141L Instructor Michael Taylor Email mbtaylor cs ucsd edu Office Hours EBU 3b 4110 Tuesday 11 30 12 20 TA Saturnino Email sat cs ucsd edu Lab Hours ebu 3b b260 TBA 141 TA Kwangyoon occasional cameos in 141L http www cse ucsd edu classes sp08 cse141L Class Introductions Stand up tell us Name How long until graduation What you want to do when you hit the big time What kind of thing you find intellectually interesting What is an FPGA Next time Tuesday Start working on Xilinx assignment due next Tuesday should be posted Sat will give a tutorial on Verilog today Check the website regularly for updates http www cse ucsd edu classes sp08 cse141L CSE 141 0 Computer Architecture Professor Michael Taylor UCSD Department of Computer Science Engineering RF http www cse ucsd edu classes sp08 cse141 Computer Architecture from 10 000 feet foo int x Class of application Physics Computer Architecture from 10 000 feet foo int x An impossibly large gap Class of application In the olden days In 1942 just after the United States entered World War II hundreds of women were employed around the country as computers source IEEE Physics The Great Battles in Computer Architecture Are About How to Refine the Abstraction Layers foo int x Computation Language Compiler ISA Micro Architecture Register Transfer Level Circuits Devices Materials Science Physics Fortran IBM 360 VLIW RISC T meta Superscalar caches Mead Conway Abstractions protect us from change but must also change as the world changes Computation Language Compiler ISA Micro Architecture Register Transfer Level Circuits Devices Materials Science Changes in fabrication capabilities Slower Wires Denser VLSI gates More pins More Power cm 2 Abstraction Layers reflected in organization of research communities International Symposium on Computer Architecture ISCA Computation Language Compiler ISA Micro Architecture Reg Transfer Level Circuits Devices Materials Science Physics High Performance Computer Architecture HPCA Architectural Support for Programming Languages and OS ASPLOS International Symposium on Microarchitecture MICRO Design Automation Conference DAC Int Conf Computer Aided Design ICCAD International Solid State Circuit Conference ISSCC International Electron Devices Meeting IEDM Classic ISSCC Circuits Paper How we designed a chip and how fast low power it is Classic Int Electron Device Meeting IEDM Paper How we designed a single transistor Classic Int Electron Device Meeting IEDM Paper How we designed a wire The focus of this class International Symposium on Computer Architecture ISCA High Performance Computer Architecture HPCA Language Compiler ISA Micro Architecture Reg Transfer Level Circuits Devices Materials Science Architectural Support for Programming Languages and OS ASPLOS International Symposium on Microarchitecture MICRO Design Automation Conference DAC Int Conf Computer Aided Design ICCAD International Solid State Circuit Conference ISSCC International Electron Devices Meeting IEDM Tech Trends Since technology change is such a big influence in architecture and because it takes 3 6 years to create a totally new design we try to predict exploit it with varying degrees of success Computation Language Compiler ISA Micro Architecture RTL Circuits Devices Materials Science Changes in fabrication capabilities Moore s Law 2X transistors year Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits Gordon Moore Electronics 1965 on transistors cost effective integrated circuit double every N Adapted from Patterson CSE 252 Sp06 Lecture 2 2006 UC Berkeley months 12 N 24 One Important Change Power Santa Clara we have a problem More pipeline stages less efficient more power Just can t remove 100 watts without great expense on a desktop All computing is now Low Power Computing Power Density 1000 Power doubles every 4 years 5 year projection 200W total 125 W cm2 Rocket Nozzle Watts cm 2 Nuclear Nuclear Reactor Reactor 100 Pentium 4 Pentium III Pentium II Hot plate 10 Pentium Pro Pentium i386 P VI 75W 1 5V 50 A i486 1 1 5 1 0 7 0 5 0 35 0 25 0 18 0 13 0 1 0 07 From New Microarchitecture Challenges in the Coming Generations of CMOS Process Technologies Fred Pollack Intel Corp Micro32 conference key note 1999 Change microprocessor frequency versus time 10000 20 yr 10x 12 3800 5 yr 10x 58 1000 Power Limited 7 yr 10x 39 100 Intel x86 Faster Circuits Faster Smaller Transistors Fast Microarchitecture 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 19 93 10 Intel P3 12 stages P4 b4 paper 20 stages P4 prescott 31 stages P5 Tejas 31 stages Intel P3 12 stages P4 b4 paper 20 stages P4 prescott 31 stages P5 Tejas 31 stages Intel P3 12 stages P4 b4 paper 20 stages P4 prescott 31 stages P5 Tejas 31 stages Back to the future P3 12 stages P4 b4 paper 20 stages P4 prescott 31 stages P5 Tejas 31 stages Same as 1996 I can t sell that I must call it something new Pentium Mmmm Great Scott I ve got it And forward to multi core Intel Core Duo Future outlook Old Trend Frequency New Trend Parallel processing Intel is pushing multi core instead of higher clocks will we ever hit 10 GHz good time to know something about architecture your application may be feasible only if you can use the architecture efficiently Abstractions protect us from change but must also change as the world changes Changes in application space Virtual Homicide Quake Photographic memory Language Compiler Telepathic ISA Mathematical Genius Micro Architecture Etc Register Transfer Level Circuits Devices Materials Science Physics And on that note PC s are not the only important class of computer in fact they are in the minority 2 Administrative Details Course Work and Grading Grading 12 5 homework 12 5 class participation 20 midterm 20 midterm 35 final which will cover the whole quarter Tests Closed books and no notes http www cse ucsd edu classes sp08 cse141 Textbook Patterson Hennessy third edition of Computer Organization the Hardware Software Interface Decent book We ll read most of it 3rd Edition came out this year look for errata Patterson is