BIOL 1107 1nd Edition Lecture 19Outline of Current Lecture I. Calvin cycleII. C4 PlantsIII. CAM PlantsOutline of Current Lecture I. DNA EvidenceII. DNA in CellIII. Amplifying DNA with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)IV. History (Rosalind Franklin & Watson + Crick)V. Components of DNAVI. How is DNA Copied?Current LectureI. DNA Evidence- Evidence in the courtroomo Blood was previously used for blood typing (not most effective method)o Now used as source of DNA- What cells in blood give you DNA? White blood cells- Sources of DNA? Saliva, hair, semen (DNA comes from sperm), urine- Uses of DNA fingerprinting? Rape, murder (forensics), paternal testingII. DNA in Cell- Any cell in our body that contains nucleus - Packaged in chromosomes- Double stranded- Individual nucleotides - Everyone has same genes but different versions of genes- X copy different from YThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.III. Amplifying DNA with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)- Target a region- Gel electrophoresis (sizing DNA fragments)- DNA going to separate based on size- DNA fragment indicated by the arrow is 450 base pairs in sizeIV. History (Rosalind Franklin & Watson + Crick)- Rosalind Franklin- Franklin’s X-Ray diffraction photograph of DNA- Watson & Crick (saw Franklin’s X-Ray diffraction) -> helix structure V. Components of DNA- Nucleotides:- Nitrogenous bases (review these!)o Pyrimidines vs. purineso Purine + purine -> too wide o Pyrimidine + pyrimidine -> to narrowo Pyrimidine + purine -> width consistent with X-ray datao Strands are anti-parallel o Adenine pairs w/ thymine & guanine pairs w/ cytosineVI. How is DNA copied?- Meselson–Stahl experiment- Came up w/ 3 models of DNA replication- The experiment provides evidence for the semi-conservative replication of the DNA molecule where the two parent strands serve as the template for synthesis of new strands- View pictures on next
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