NUR 0012 Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. Intro to HistologyA. Tissues: 1. Nervous2. Muscle3. Epithelial4. connectiveB. More on epithelial cells: classifications by shape and number of layers1. Simple squamous2. Simple cuboidal3. Simple columnar4. Pseudostratified columnarOutline of Current LectureI. Stratified epithelial tissueA. Stratified squamousB. Stratified cuboidalC. Stratified columnarD. TransitionalThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Glands and membranes formed by epithelial cellsA. EndocrineB. ExocrineC. Membranes: skin, mucous, serousIII. Connective tissueA. Cells in connective tissue: blasts, cytes, clastsB. Extracellular matrixC. Groups: fibrous CT, loose, dense, cartilage, blood, bonesCurrent LectureI. Stratified epithelial tissueA. Stratified squamous: many layers, outermost layer flat and scale-like1. Where protection is needed against abrasion etc.2. The keratin in epidermis can act to waterproof and fight against water lossB. Stratified cuboidal: very rare, layers of cuboidal cells1. Where protection and secretion is neededC. Stratified columnar: rare as well, layers of columns1. Found in male urethra2. Where protection and secretion is neededD. Transitional: found in bladder, urethra, ureters1. Allows for stretching of the bladder as it fills2. Resembles stacks of cuboidal cells when in relaxed state, layers closest to apical surface can distend when neededII. Glands and membranes (formed by epithelial cells)A. Endocrine glands: ducts separated during development so has none, hormones secreted directly to the bloodB. Exocrine glands: products secreted through ducts onto the skin or into body cavities1. Goblet cells2. Gastric glands3. Sebaceous glands4. Salivary glandsC. Membranes1. Cutaneous (skin)2. Mucous3. SerousIII. Connective tissue: developed from mesenchyme (embryonic tissue)A. Types of cells common in CT1. Blasts2. Cytes3. ClastsB. Abundant extracellular matrix: separates the cells, has 3 major components1. Protein fibersa. Collagen: strong but inflexible, rope-likeb. Reticular fibers: act as a web between tissues, tiny collagen fibersc. Elastin: proteins that are elastic but can return to original shape2. Ground substances: contain interstitial fluid, CAPs and proteoglycansa. CAPs: hold tissues together, cell adhesion proteinsb. Proteoglycans: contain a protein core and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)1) Chondroitin and hyaluronic acid (makes CT slippery, large unbranched polysaccharide)3. Fluid (H2O)C. CT classified into groups: talk about more on monday1. Fibrous CTA. Loose CTB. Dense CT2. Cartilage3. OthersA. BoneB.
View Full Document
Unlocking...