BIOL 1107 1nd Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I II III Carbon Functional Groups Water Outline of Current Lecture I Polymer Organic Macromolecules II Dehydration Condensation III Carbohydrates IV Disaccharides V Polysaccharides VI Nucleic Acids VII Nitrogenous Base Current Lecture I Polymer Organic Macromolecules Polymer long chain of building blocks Building blocks of life sugars proteins nucleic acids lipids Which monomer is used to form each type of macromolecule Nucleic acids monomer nucleotide Proteins monomer amino acids Sugars monomer monosaccharide II Dehydration Condensation Dehydration or condensation removing water from polymer These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Figure 1 Polymerization Figure 2 Degradation You should be able to put macromolecules together if given monomer III Carbohydrates Used in cell membranes Plants cell wall plants store carbohydrates for rigidity and structure Really important in your joints keeping it nice lubricated What does carbohydrate look like It s hydrophilic therefore helps keep water in our joints keeping it lubricated Trioses 3 carbon sugars C3H6O3 Molecule Glyceraldehyde Pentoses 5 carbon sugars Hexoses 6 carbon sugars Cellular Process Glycolysis Nucleic acids Cellular respiration Numbering of carbon atoms in ring form start numbering with carbon below OH IV Disaccharides Sucrose glucose fructose Lactose galactose glucose Milk Maltose glucose glucose V Polysaccharides Alpha and beta glucose ring structures Starch 1 4 linkage of glucose monomers ex potatoes Cellulose 1 4 linkage of glucose monomers Alpha and beta difference hydroxyl group is the other way Question Why are human enzymes that digest starch unable to digest cellulose Cellulose has beta glycosidic linkages starch digesting enzymes cleave only alphaglycosidic linkages Shape of alpha and beta molecules are very different VI Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are responsible for genetic inheritance DNA RNA carries ribosomes to make protein Monomer for nucleic acids nucleotides DNA vs RNA One is deoxyribonucleic acid and other is just ribonucleic acid Genetic code what part of nucleotide carries that info Nitrogenous base VII Nitrogenous Base Pyrimidines cytosine C thymine T in DNA uracil U in RNA Purines adenine A guanine G
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