Study Guide for Test 2 in ANTH 101Fall 2013Study the vocabulary list! Take the Practice Quizzes and also do the PowerPoint reviews, attempting to answer each question before you look at the answer.Be able to explain the reasoning behind:1. The Expensive Tissue Hypothesis (including who it applies to, and the fossil evidence)2. Natural Selection (and differentiate it from evolution)3. Visual Predation Theory (and who it applies to)4. Radiator theory (including who it applies to, and the fossil evidence)Be able to list the following:1. The names, in order from oldest to most recent, of the geological epochs in the Tertiary Period of the Cenozoic Era2. Now add to that list, in order, the geological epochs in the Quaternary Period3. The genera of all the definite hominids, in order of their appearance. HINT: what is a genus?4. What stone tools are famously found with which hominids.5. Two hominid species that co-existed at the same time.6. Trends that occurred in hominid skeletons through time.7. Changes in the body that accompany bipedalism.8. The order in which hominoids split away from the hominoid lineage.Be able to:1. Write a scientific name correctly.2. Explain how evolution occurs.3. Name what geological epoch you are living in.Be able to differentiate between:1. Evolution and natural selection2. Hominid radiation and adaptive radiation3. Hominid and hominoid4. Pleistocene and Paleolithic5. Paranthropus and Australopithecus6. Sagittal crest and sagittal keel7. Cranial and postcranial8. Australopithecus and Homo habilis9. Homo habilis and Homo erectus10. Evidence for hunting versus for scavenging meat11. An anthropoid and a prosimian12. Acheulian versus Olduwan stone tools13. Taphonomy versus taxonomy1Who or when are the following “firsts”?1. definite primates (what geological epoch, by when)2. first hominoids (epoch)3. first hominids (epoch, when)4. first to definitely spread out of Africa (who)5. first primitive, primate-like mammal (who, when)6. first stone tools (who is definite)7. first clothing, fire, and shelters (who)8. first language (who)9. first to walk upright (who)10. first essentially modern post-cranial skeleton (who)11. first barrel-shaped rib cage like ours (who)12. first with an average cranial capacity to fall with the range of modern cranial
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