Primate Taxonomic Disagreements or Changes Not everyone agrees with each other on primate taxonomy We will follow the version the old version based on morphology The signage at the zoo disagrees Classification is modified based on new DNA and other evidence and scientists disagree on how closely apes are related to humans Here is the classic version we present in class and that we will follow Feder Park 2001 111 Another version differs just at the Family and lower levels our version another version Hominoidea hominoids apes humans Subfamily Ponginae Gorillinae Homininae Hylobatidae Hominidae hominids gibbons siamangs great apes humans orangutan gorilla chimpanzee bonobo tribe Panini human tribe Hominini So according to this newer version based on DNA evidence hominid includes who Humans chimpanzee bonobo gorilla orangutan humans and great apes Under this newer taxonomy the grouping for past and present humans alone is called what hominin Some for example Riverbanks Zoo categorize differently beginning at the Suborder level Primates Strepsirhini moist nose Lemuriformes Lemur loris aye aye galagos etc Order Haplorhini dry nose Tarsiformes Platyrrhini Catarrhini tarsier Suborder Infraorder New World Old World monkeys monkeys apes humans As taught in this class hominoid includes apes and humans hominid includes past and present humans Which of the following are characteristics of PRIMATES as opposed to other mammals reproductive strategy of few usually live births extensive postnatal care grasping pentadactyl hands and feet emphasis on sight over smell high intelligence great capacity for learned behavior expanded and more complex brain tactile pads and nails differentiated teeth skeletal structure capable of swift movement ability to maintain constant body temperature Also primate characteristics Generalized skeleton with retention of clavicle collarbone Behavioral characteristics Sociality Parental investment Do prosimians also have the characteristics we associate with primates NO They differ in the following Usually dog sized or smaller Most are nocturnal active at night have a protruding snout naked moist nose like a dog s have grooming claws have no color or stereoscopic vision bear 2 3 young at birth have a long tail have prehensile hands feet but not fully opposable thumbs Which is more closely related to humans monkeys or apes Or are monkeys and apes the same thing Apes are not monkeys Apes are more closely related to humans Which is more closely related to humans lesser apes or great apes Great apes What do we mean by more closely related Share a more recent common ancestor Which is more closely related to apes and humans New World monkeys or Old World monkeys Old World monkeys What is a hominoid versus what is a hominid Note one word hominoid is longer One word hominid is shorter The longer word refers to the bigger grouping hominoid apes and humans The smaller word refers to the smaller grouping humans past and present humans Hominoidea a superfamily Also known as hominoids Includes the Lesser apes Great apes Humans Gibbons Siamangs Gorilla Chimpanzee Bonobo Orangutan Humans In other words hominoid refers to apes and humans List the types of primate locomotion Bipedalism Knuckle walking Quadrupedalism terrestrial arboreal Brachiation Vertical clinging and leaping List the lesser apes gibbons siamangs List the great apes orangutan gorilla chimpanzee bonobo What is a set of numbers such as 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 A dental formula 2 incisors 1 canine 2 premolars 3 molars This is the dental formula for humans Who possesses a Y5 cusp pattern on their molars Primates and specifically hominoids TRUE FALSE Some apes have prehensile tails FALSE Only some of the New World monkeys have prehensile tails tails that can grasp APES and humans are the only primates without tails TRUE FALSE All prosimians have prehensile tails FALSE NONE of the prosimians have a prehensile tail Who does some not all of the New World monkeys WHERE are New World monkeys New World the Americas What is TAXONOMY A hierarchical classification based on similarities and differences for example our system of scientific nomenclature follows taxonomic rules DEFINE pentadactyl Five penta digits dactyl prehensile Grasping or ability to grasp tactile pad Finger tip where your fingerprints are deciduous teeth postcranial initial impermanent baby teeth that fall out at set times below the head the body and limbs DEFINE primitive evolved earliest arboreal living in trees sexual dimorphism physical differences between adult males and females of the same species
View Full Document
Unlocking...