lOMoARcPSD 46531604 Scan to open on Studocu Scan to open on Studocu Exam 3 History 105 Exam 3 History 105 HIST 1301 History of the United States Texas A M University HIST 1301 History of the United States Texas A M University Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Anthony Harris anthony067 tamu edu lOMoARcPSD 46531604 Exam 3 History 105 Slavery and the Southern Economy April 6 2016 We are going to be talking a great deal about Abraham Lincoln in the coming lectures He was a man that is the most stories figured man in American history The man that brought the emancipation proclamation He is a very complex man his historical reputation is not always true to the historical facts Abraham Lincoln was a racist believed that African American s were inferior to white man He was concerned about the threat of slavery to the white man The war itself is terribly complex Dr Brooks is going to argue in the next couple of lectures that most northern man who joined the army against the confederacy went to war because they believed that slavery was a threat to white Americans The slave power is going to destroy the north The war is about slavery but not in the way that many American would like to believe A Development of the Old South At the time of the American Revolution slavery was legal in 13 colonies In 1770 the revolution is going to pose a serious challenge to slavery The war is going to start a movement and comes to an end in most of the north In 1820 it has ended in the north Many Virginians appreciated the conflict of slavery and the ideas of the American Revolution Many Virginians are going to free there slaves How can you fight a war of independence when you have slaves yourselves George Washington free there slaves I there will Jefferson said slavery was wrong Slavery would be eliminated from American soil At this time slavery was in declined Virginias have been growing tobacco for over a 100 years and most of the land was exhausted There was not a lot of money to be made the economy had begun to shift away from slavery in tobacco They were counting on livestock corn etc Virginia had a surplus of slaves at the time of the revolution In addition the new weak grain economy the primary equipment s the plow and the grain crater they both required the upper body strength of a man This placed a premium of man So the women and children were not useful at this time Economy was shifting and slave labor was not as useful Jefferson s idea of diffusion was an idea that let slavery expand in the west as it spreads out it would help weaken slavery and help to kill slavery Jefferson also believed in Colonization ending slavery was good for them they believed that once slavery was over they had to be an organized way to get rid of them and send them back to Africa 1 Tobacco Slavery and the Chesapeake 1790 1820 2 The Low country 1790 1820 If there was a disbelief in this it came from the south South Carolina a so called Low country It was never tobacco being to cash crop it was rice Slave labor was used to Downloaded by Anthony Harris anthony067 tamu edu lOMoARcPSD 46531604 produce indigo rice remained a profitable crop Where Virginia and the other areas of the Chesapeake like Delaware and so tobacco was in declined rice was still profitable Slave owners in South Carolina still wanted more slaves In 1808 congress is going to remove the African slave trade During these 20 years South Carolina is going to import a quarter of a million slaves Slavery in South Carolina is noteworthy for the so called Task system of organizing slave labor Another way to organize slave labor is called to Gains system In harvesting tobacco larges groups of slaves were sent in the fields with an overseer The gains system was a way of managing large groups slaves In South Carolina did not need large groups you needed small groups He task system was introduced and it gave slaves control of there own labor For example an overseer would take a small group of slaves in the field and give them a specific job They would tell them what to do and then give them time to do it it could be 1 day or 2days or etc He then would walk away leaving the slaves to do there job by themselves The incentive was to work hard and if they finish early they would have time for themselves It certainly good slavery but they responded well to it 3 New Farms The Cotton Belt The cotton gin completely changes the minds of the American people Why was it that most southerners did not grow cotton in the colonial era Cotton is mainly going towards Great Britain A variety of cotton would turn out to grow a lot interior of the south Southerners did know about another style of cotton known as Sea Island cotton and this was grown in small amounts during the colonial period The problem this cotton was that it did not grow very well in the southern fields Short staple cotton did grow well in the south but the fibers are dense Really hard to get the seeds out trying to process it would take 8 hours to clean one piece of cotton The cotton gin with the same adult that could labor for 8 hours could clean 50 pounds of cotton This is a major labor saving device So in 1790 the census of the year there was a mere 3 000 bales of cotton produced By 1818 it was 178 000 bales being produced By 1820 1 2 million annually bales being produced By 1840 2 4 million By 1860 4 million bales being produced Cotton gin Short staple cotton British demand B Antebellum Southern Social Structure The Myth The Myth of the antebellum social structure us an idea that is long headed and does not get the reality correct The Myth is nowhere bettered represented than the famous movie called Gone with the Wind The movie is about a southern plantation family and this family represents the wealthy planter class There story of what life was like before the civil war and what happens to them Downloaded by Anthony Harris anthony067 tamu edu lOMoARcPSD 46531604 1 Planters Cavalier image Gone With the Wind Twelve s Oaks Tara Life is great for the planters No physical work they live wealthy elegant lives live in huge mansions A lot of leisure times and going to parties 2 Slaves Racist stereotypes Slaves are depicted as happy go lucky and acceptable to their slave fate 3 Poor White Trash landless tenants sick lazy dissolute The non slave holding white population They were depicted as desperately poor and