Lecture 3 Outline of Current Lecture Colonial Virginia I Intro II Why England Entered the New World III Troubled Beginnings IV Salvation Current Lecture Why England Entered the New World Intense rivalry in Europe for power Geopolitics Mercantilism o Rivalry over power and wealth The more wealth one has the more power they have as well o Get colonies and their resources to make the mother country wealthier Pushed to the New World by o Religious discontent in Europe o Political social and economical instability Pulled to the New World by o Religious choice o Economic opportunity o Social experiment In the beginning all the world was America Troubled Beginnings The New World was an economic enterprise not a religious voyage 1606 Virginia Company of London o Chartered by James I These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o 1st business corporation of the New World o Sent 3 ships to find gold and a route to Asia 105 all male passangers o Founded Jamestown The 1st English colony 2nd one came 13 years later o People on board 36 gentlemen Are not expected to work 1 preacher 1 blacksmith 1 barber 1 tailor 2 brick layers 1 mason 13 laborers 4 boys Rest was military o With the kind of men on board they would never survive Individualistic mindset Lack of authority and discipline o No one worked Set up right in the middle of an indian village o 14 000 indians o 105 English men Marshland with no water and a lack of food Women o Arrive in 1608 o With women you make families which makes the colony more permanent o Women were a stabilizing factor o 1620 Mail Order Brides 90 young middle class women were shipped over to wed They were called the king s daughters Men traded in 120 pounds of tobacco for a woman They were guaranteed the basics for being a wife Bed sheets aprons petticoats a free passage to the New World a wealthy husband and a servant John Smith o no work no food mentality o Good trader o He was a light in the darkness but got burned by gun powder and was sent back to England after just one year The Starving Time 1609 10 o Warfare with Indians o Starvation and disease Why didn t the men simply work harder o The demographics of the crew was one of gentlemen who never worked a day in their lives o Stature of Artificers 1563 Brought relief for poverty and unemployment 1 person could only hold one job 7 year apprentice Ruled that fish had to be eaten on Wednesday and Friday New settlers with supplies from England o Stronger leadership o Governor with group of advisors o Laws Sets order in disorder Economy o At first it was just small businesses Glass makers wood makers and tar makers o Tobacco was very important for the economy Pocahontas married John Roth o Taken to London to bring more settlers o Dies in London of smallpox The Salvation The salvation was tobacco It was sold in markets as medicine o It was thought to be good for you o King James I doesn t approve of it Says it s bad for your health Expansion of tobacco growing o Started taking more and more of the indian s land Labor o Very intense o Wanted to make Indians work for them and grow tobacco o The Powhatan Indians didn t want to work for the Magical Monsters o Had to bring more workers from England Indentured servants Worked to pay off passage for 4 7 years Given food home and clothes Given land and clothes when their time had ended Letters of Richard Frethorne Jamestown 1623 Writes to parents o Sick no food fear of Indians death all around no clothes just rags and a hat o Begs them to pay for his passage home Those who serve their terms over time Are discontent Get handed the land in back country which is dangerous because that s where all the Indians live Royal Charter of 1624 Nathaniel Bacon o A trouble maker who is sent to the New World o Petitions to move Indians from the back country By killing them Landless men actually like that idea o Causes Bacon s Rebellion which Men go and kill many Indians for land Governor William Berkeley o Calls in the British Navy to restore order after Bacon s Rebellion o Extends friendship to Indians instead of killing them o Is accused by colonists to be irresponsible and the local Indians get attacked anyway Indians end up burning down Jamestown After the rebellion indentured servants are seen as dangerous and untrustworthy Slaves become answer to the labor problems Slave laws o Religion is made a choice If they re Christian though then they are considered freemen o Widespread o 1642 black women are property and owners are taxed for them o 1667 baptism no longer rings freedom to blacks o 1670 blacks are made slaves for life o 1680 children s stature is determined by mother o 1705 all African mixed and indian slaves are considered property o
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