Dr Wynot Final Exam Study Guide World war II and the Cold War I The Road to War Causes The nature of the post war settlements led to WWII Was an unfair treaty Germans could not do anything led to a sense of revenge Later down the road nations started to see how harsh the post war settlement on Germany were o This led to the great powers thinking about giving land that was o Thoughts rose about easing the treaty of WWI and making them less promised to Italy back harsh Japan was also mad that they did not get a lot of land for aiding in WWI Defeatism Appeasement helped caused WWII Another factor that led to WWII was the feeling of defeatism in western Europe felt by Britain France Appeasement is the way to give into the dictators wants o Appeasement and Defeatism go hand to hand to help the dictators get what they desire o The more and more these great powers kept giving the dictators what they wanted the more and more these dictators wanted Balance of Power This term was seen as one of the causes for the WWI There was a fear to have a balance of powers after WWI o The absence of Balance of power is what helped caused WWII II World War II Main Features Seemed similar to WWI on the surface o Britain and France vs Germany and Italy WWI fought with technology but in WWII the improvements in Another similarity was that both sides started total war technology was more important Attacking every aspect of life In WWI total war only happened towards the end In WWII total war happened right from the start War of Terror Term by Nazi s that held the idea to create a fearful war atmosphere that would put all civilians in fear o Random killings of civilians in countries that the Germans and Japs conquered Differences between these wars WWI settled down into trench warfare becomes a defensive war who could outlast the other side WWII is an offensive war Due to all the technology and fast mobility this war was based on who could us this technology better In Asia and Europe WWI was a war between governments for territory to control resources WWII is a war for territory and resources but is also a war to eliminate entire races ethnic groups o Japan set out to eliminate other Asian mainly Chinesse ethnic groups while Hitler tired to get rid of Jews and other groups Ethnic cleansing and the Holocaust III Results of WWII The Cold War what and why War of ideologies this war is being fought indirectly by the East and West This war also comes out of defeatism and appeasement Seen as another World War WWIII Standard Stalin Devil theory these theories were for the causes of the Cold War It is all Stalin s fault He wanted to enslave the entire world Revisionist Churchill Devil theory Looked at the war as not part of Stalin s fault o Stalin wanted Russia to be rebuilt using resources from the small countries between Russia and Germany that aiding in attacking Russia o Stalin also wanted these countries to have a government that was nice and kind to the Soviet Union Churchill is the one that spoke out against Stalin s proposal in America o Did not want Russia to get rebuilt and have control or be in favor with these small countries in Europe o Roosevelt listened to Churchill and did not pay attention to Stalin s demand Stalin in return decided to take these small countries and make sure that these countries become communist And this is what led to the war This theory blamed Churchill for the start of the war Historical Wynot Devil Theory If you go back in history you will see that there are government systems that fight each other united to defeat stronger forces from prevailing This was an unrealistic idea since it would be almost impossible for opposing countries to unite and fight a greater enemy and put their differences aside De colonization and Africa since 1945 I De Colonization in general Reasons Britain was three months away from bankruptcy and France was also on this path after the war was over o Japan took territories from Britain o Due to financial problems Britain could not afford to fight for their land back independence The war encouraged nationalists in these separate colonies to push for o Promises that British and French broke Momentum and timing were on the side of these liberation movements o Weakness of colonial powers that can not regain hold on to these colonies led to their freedom Psychological reasons for this freedom breakout colonial powers were exhausted from these two World Wars o Now these colonial powers need the will to go and get their land back but they were psychologically exhausted o Factors that help move and made these liberations dangerous was the In addition the Cold War cold war All the powers came to a bidding war for these new territories by training army and building stuff and try to win their favor Americans and Russians start to aid these independent colonies to win their favor General patters French British Others French o Looked at colonies as oversea extensions of France itself All these people that lived in these colonies were seen as Natives were seen the same as French people Go talk to them marry them recruit them train them British o This relationship the French had with their colonies made it hard for French in reaction would hold on to these colonies which led to exhausting and brutal wars o Looked at natives in colonies as primitive savages Saw themselves as superior and we cannot trust these natives with important positions o When these colonies wanted independence British would try to work something out Since they helped with formation of the colony and buildings British looked for economic advantage Freedom for these colonies are seen without violence more peaceful than French colonies Others o Plain violence against colonial power and against each other Three way warfare French etc them to let go Eventually the natives always win II Africa since 1945 Traditionalists vs modern developers Both groups want to be free and break away from france Traditionalists want to freeze the clock and eliminate traces of French presence o Not get rid of all but eliminate all the symbolism o No more help from these great powers Modern developers want to develop on the developments o Let the previous masters come in and still help the colony progress and become more modern Countries where these groups resided Tunisia Bourguiba Had foot in two rival camps o Family was in modern developers thought Dealt with French bankers and etc o Other part of family was in the