MMC2000 Study Guide Exam 3 Book information BOOK Chapter 6 Film Some film numbers About 5 2010 10 5 billion Year Domestic International Total o How many movies per year does the average American watch 2009 10 8 billion 19 1 billion 29 9 billion 2005 10 5 billion 2000 8 8 billion o In 2009 the U S made up 1 3 of total amount 29 9 billion Goals of movie Pioneers Late 19 th Century o Money o Entertainment Early Film Industry People Name Muybridge Known for Zoopraxiscope 1877 Details Machine for projecting slides onto a distant surface Projects at 24 images a second A former California governor made a bet and was convinced that a horse in full gallop had all 4 feet on the ground Hired Muybridge who worked project for 4 years and came up with the zoopraxiscope Consist of several individual pictures that look animated Persistence of vision Physiological phenomenon when rapid sequential slides seem to be in motion Ex flip book Edison Dickson Kinetoscope 1891 Edison and Dickson saw Smoother than the zoopraxiscope Projects 40 images a second Lumiere brothers Cinematograhe 1895 Projects 40 images a second Melies First narratives and movie artist Early 20th century Porter First narratives Griffith The Birth of a Nation 1915 Saw as racist the potential of the zoopraxiscope and got to work on their own Dickson saw the problem was to develop a better way of filming Peep Show only allowed for one viewer at a time They realized through their initial screenings that people liked to sit in a darkened rooms and watch motion pictures projected on a screen First projector many people could view Wasn t understood at first First to use more than one camera at a time different angles Often called first artist of the cinema because he brought narrative to the medium in the form of imaginative tales Ex A Trip to the Moon 1902 Saw that film could be an even better story teller with more artistic use of camera placement and editing Moved the camera while filming Filmed The Great Train Robbery which had an actual story line One of the most popular movies until Gone with the Wind Very controversial Showed KKK as good and African Americans as bad He believed in not only telling a story but also creating passion move emotions and heighten suspense Known as the most influential silent film ever What are Nickelodeons o The 1st movie houses Admission was 1 nickel o Movies were short around 30 minutes so many were watched at one o Caused high demand of movies became very popular time The MPPC o Motion Picture Patents Company aka The Trust o Founded by Edison o Dominated the movie industry by setting rules and standards o Those who wanted to get away from the MPPC were known as rebels or independents that moved out west and started what today is known as modern Hollywood o Known as the New Studio System Early Movie Industry Early 20 th Century Present o Very Popoular o In the 1920 s almost 350 000 people working in the movie industry 1926 50 million 1929 80 million o There were about 20 000 theatres o Exchange of artists took place during WWI Cultural Exchange American movies were beginning to be exported to Europe o Changed due to talkies sound films o This made it possible to have different genres like musicals for example o Performance aesthetics improved due to actors really having to be able to act and preform now o Talkies are more expensive to make The MPPDA o Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America o Led by Hays o Nickname Hays Offices o Forbade the use of profanity limited bedroom scenes to married couples required that skimpy outfits be replaced by more complete costumes delineated the length of screen kisses ruled out scenes that ridiculed public officials or religious leaders and outlawed a series of words all enforced by a huge fine o One of their goals was to dictate how actors lived outside of the Ex In the 1920 s Americas Sweetheart Mary Pickford divorced her husband and immediately married actor Douglas Fairbanks who was also very newly divorced Films Response to the Depression o New genres were made to revitalize like musicals documentaries and movies comedies unknown o B movies Cheaper movies not as well made as others actors were Overall movie quality was low but they still made a profit B movies were a welcome relief for penny pinching working people Often shown as a double feature o Vertical Integration A system in which studios produced their own films distributed them through their own outlets and exhibited them in their own theatres Saved tons of money in turn helping the industry After WWII the Supreme Court made these illegal because due to low competition 1970 s became legal to use partial integration Film and the Red Scare o After WWII o Was a reference to communism o Called the Red Scare because the color of the Russian flag o The consequence in the media industry was that Joseph McCarthy made a black list of people in the entertainment industry to be investigated to see of they were communists o If any were on this black list and if any were jailed for not answering it was highly frowned upon to hire them any time after Films Response to Television o HUGE Movies were being made that only looked good on large screens story lines and topics are bigger larger cast etc Ex Ben Hur uses religious images and large stages o This created a better atmosphere for people to enjoy the movies o Content changes included the better and more detailed story lines and topics and also the larger cast and special effects o Message movies are movies with morals or lessons having to do with that time Ex To kill a Mockingbird Dealing with racial relations The Three Component System o 1 Production o 2 Distribution 900 movies are produced annually in the U S for the big screen but only 80 of them make it to theatres On average it takes about 100 million to make a movie mostly due to digital technology mainly because of the editing process Marketing Budget 50 of movies costs this use to be lower Used to get as many people as possible to go see the movie Green light process Marketing gives the go ahead or green light for many decisions in the movie making process They are involved from the beginning and approve from the actors down to the music used Platform roll out Used when your not sure if a movie is going to be a hit or not So they will only release the movie in select theatres or they will push and push as many people as possible to go see it Numbers There are 38 000 movie screens in the U S
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