MMC2000! Un it%1!Notes!People&are&in&BLUE&&Ideas&he&stressed&repeatedly&in&class&are&in&ORANGE&!CHAPTER(1(AND(2(!Mass!Media=!Communication!!Communication:!process!of!creating!shared!meaning!! ! ! ! OR!Transmission!of!information!from!one!individual!to!another!!!Laswell:!LINEAR!beliefs!is!by!asking!5!questions!! Who!!! Says!What!! To!Whom?!! Through!What!Channel?!! With!what!effect?!!! SMCR!Model!is!based!off!a!linear!communication!model!Source!! Message!! Channel!! Receiver!!Osgood!and!Schramm:!developed!the!circular!model!!Encoded:!transformed!into!an!understandable!sign!and!symbol!system!Decoded:!one!received!the!message!is!decoded!and!the!signs!and!symbols!are!interpreted!!!MASS!Communication!is!different!than!one!to!one!!Interpersonal(National(and(Global(Less!number!of!people!involved!More!number!of!people!involved!More!direct!Feedback!Relying!on!ratings!or!letters!to!editor!Message!is!specific!to!audience!Message!is!less!personalized!to!audience!!Channel!is!more!technologically!driven!and!more!costly!!!Audience!is!more!heterogeneous!!!Culture:!expectations!and!learned!behaviors!of!a!social!group!(Learned!implies!they!are!constantly!changing,!it!is!an!ongoing!understanding!through!communication!and!that!you!are!not!born!with!culture!knowledge)!!Communication!produces,!maintains,!repairs,!and!transforms!culture!!!Bounded!Cultures:!small!groups!within!a!larger!one!! Example:!Greek!Life!on!campus!is!a!bounded!group!of!Florida!State!!Culture!is!the!lens!through!which!we!make!the!world!meaningful!and!is!partly!created!by!media!!!How!do!media!create!culture?!!1.!Serve!as!a!cultural!forum!THelps!to!establish!important!topics!and!gives!us!a!place!to!debate!them!or!watch!them!be!debated!!2.!Serve!as!a!storyteller!! TPass!down!stories!that!serve!as!basis!for!culture!like!religious!tales!TCommunicate!through!stories;!Fletcher!has!a!quotation!that!means!entertainment!has!more!control!over!us!than!the!law!because!we!live!by!the!standards!that!the!media!shows!us!!3.!Change!they!way!we!communicate!and!think!! TDevelopment!of!written!media!!! ! Oral!Literate!Culture,!brings!changes!! ! ! TDecrease!importance!of!memory!! ! ! TLanguage!from!specific!dialect!to!a!uniform!one!!! ! ! TCommunicate!from!a!distance!! ! ! TDifferentiate!history!from!a!myth!! ! ! TCommunicate!over!time!by!burying!notes!! TDevelopment!of!print!media!! ! How!has!the!printing!pressed!changed!society? !! ! ! TCould!produce!in!mass!easier!and!more!cost!effectively!! ! ! TStandardized!religious!texts!! ! ! TSpread!word!quickly!(propaganda!created)!! ! ! TRenaissance!and!industrial!revolution!!Media!are!only!one!source!of!culture!but!ownership!of!technology!is!very!common!in!the!US!! TAmericans!spend!60%!of!their!time!on!media!TMore!money!is!spent!on!entertainment!that!on!healthcare!and!clothes!combined!!Media!are!changing!! TMovie!attendance!is!decreasing!! TBroadcast!networks!have!half!as!much!viewership!! TNewspaper!sales!decline!!Media!in!flux:!TConcentration!of!ownership:!used!to!be!rules!limiting!this!but!it!stopped!in!1980,!decisions!are!driven!by!money,!and!fewer!voices!are!being!heard!!Conglomeration:!the!people!that!own!media!that!don’t!have!media!as!their!core!function!! !EX:!General!electric!owned!NBC!so!therefore!drive!for!profits!often!undermine!values!of!media!!Convergence:!as!new!technologies!exploded!there!is!a!blurring!of!lines!between!different!types!of!media,!changes!the!way!we!think!about!media!and!info!Ex:!Can!get!radio!on!phone,!webisodes,!video!consoles!connected!to!Netflix!!Audience!fragmentation:!now!not!as!mass!and!highly!personalized!!Hypercommercial:!concern!in!older!population!that!there!is!too!much!advertising!and!that!it!is!on!the!rise!(17min/hr!ads!on!TV)!!Globalization:!Multinational!companies!culture!will!be!affected!when!media!is!created!in!one!place!and!perceived!in!another!!!CHAPTER(14(!1ST!Amendment=!free!speech!and!press!Enforcers!is!the!judicial!system!NOT!the!FCC!!What!is!protected!by!the!1st!amendment?!TPrint!and!news!are!assumed!T1942:!advertisement!T1952:!films!T1967:!entertainment!content!T1973:!TV!and!radio!T1997:!Internet!!!What!is!NOT!protected?!!Speech!creating!clear!and!present!danger!! Ex:!Schenk!vs.!US!pamphlets!going!out!telling!ppl!not!to!go!out!for!the!draft!!Speech!that!might!limit!ones!chance!for!fair!trial!! Amendment!6!!! 1980s!cameras!are!now!allowed!in!all!courtrooms!!!!Speech!that!is!libelous!or!slanderous!! Libel:!False!that!damages!a!reputation!(printed)!! Slander:!False!that!damages!a!reputation!(spoken)!! *Hard!to!win!a!slanderous!case!because!you!have!to!prove!it!was!false!! Movie!Critics!are!an!exception!to!this!!Obscenity!(does!not!=indecency)!It!is!legal!to!make!laws!to!prevent!PRURIENT!behavior,!which!are!animalistic!sexual!desires!that!lack!scientific,!artistic!etc.!characteristics!! Ex:!child!pornography!Indecency:!comes!to!play!more!in!media,!is!not!obscene!but!could!be!found!offensive,!broadcast!FCC!mandates!it!to!protect!reputation!not!on!a!law!basis!! Ex:!language!!!! Obscenity! ! !! ! Indecency!! *Can!go!to!jail!! ! ! *cannot!go!to!jail!! *More!extreme! !!!!!VS.! ! *Less!extreme!! *Overseen!by!court! ! ! *overseen!by!FCC!!!Speech!that!government!wants!to!prevent!but!it!has!to!be!a!good!reason!(one!of!the!above!9)!!!**this!is!the!hardest!one!to!prove!in!court**!!Why!is!the!press!protected?!!Before!1600s!it!was!not!an!issue!!John!Stewart!Milton!! Puritans!philosopher!! Writes!Areopagetica:!says!basically!why!are!you!censoring!me?!! Lays!out!self!writing!principle!! Philosophical!basis!for!first!amendment!**His!Belief!was!ideas!should!roam!free!because!truth!will!win!over!falsehood!Irony!with!the!rest!of!his!life,!he!was!eventually!the!chief!sensor!in!Puritan!government!!Communication!Act!of!1934:!required!broadcasters!to!act!in!a!public!interest!! **Now!the!media!serves!the!population!!Press!should!serve!as!the!fourth!estate!! 1.Nobility!! 2.Clergy!!
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