MET1010 Test 2 Study Guide Test Wednesday 3 13 12 Ch 5 1 Dew is most likely to form on grass or objects which have radiated enough heat to lower their temperature below the dew point of the surrounding area 2 All of the following are necessary ingredients for cloud formation EXCEPT a Clouds form when water vapor condenses in the atmosphere through adiabatic cooling there must also be saturation and a surface for dew to form 3 Hygroscopic nuclei quickly absorb moisture and are most effective for condensation 4 A cloud that forms liquid droplets has a relative humidity of 100 percent with respect to the liquid droplets If ice crystals form in this cloud they will experience the cloud environment as having a relative humidity of 110 5 It is raining on only one side of your street The cloud above you is a low cloud Nimbostratus stratus Likely stratus bc nimbostratus is heavier 6 Which of these is a mid level cloud Altocumulus Altostratus 7 High clouds are those that form at altitudes of at least Above 6000 meters 20 000 feet Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus Middle Alto 2000 6000M 8 You observe a cloud at an altitude of 3000 m This cloud name would have the prefix 9 Where are lenticular clouds most likely to form Rugged mountains mostly on the lee side adiabatic cooling 10 Which association is correct 11 The most common way for air to be cooled in order that a cloud may form is by 12 The important difference between liquid droplets and ice crystals in a supercooled cloud is that ice crystals grow larger in a supercooled cloud at the expense of the remaining liquid and fall as precipitation once they reach a sufficient size 13 The conditions that persist along the West Coast of the U S that are conducive to fog formation are Warm moist air from the pacific moves over the cold California current air is then carried onshore by Westerly winds or sea breeze 14 The process by which a cloud droplet first forms is the Bergeron Process 15 What is the basic reason why condensation is not very important in causing a cloud droplet to grow to raindrop size Immense size difference 16 Clouds are classified and named according to their altitude and form family 17 The raindrops that fall to Earth from a warm cloud contain about one million times the water in a typical cloud droplet This growth from cloud droplet to raindrop occurs Test Wednesday 3 13 12 mainly because of coalescence process where droplets adhere to one another as they fall and increase in size 18 Clouds dew and frost all form because air has become saturated This condition of saturation is usually caused by air cooling to its dew point or when enough water vapor is added to the atmosphere 19 When warm moist air moves over a cold surface advection fog may result 20 Which type of fog occurs during nights when skies are clear and relative humidity is high a Radiation fog steam fog 21 The type of fog produced when cold air moves over a warm moist surface is called 22 Thunder and lightning are associated with the Cumulonimbus cloud 23 A halo around the Sun or the Moon indicates the cloud cirrostratus is present 24 Salt dust particles silver iodide and combustion by products are all examples of hygroscopic nuclei water seeking most effective for condensation 25 Advection fogs form best when there is no wind False it requires strong winds Ch 6 26 A steep pressure gradient like a steep hill causes greater acceleration of a parcel of air than does a weak pressure gradient a gentle hill 27 Hydrostatic equilibrium is best defined as where the upward pressure gradient force is balanced by the downward force of gravity 28 If the Earth were not rotating it would fall out of orbit 29 If the Earth were not rotating a rocket would travel straight to its target compared to the way it veers slightly with rotation 30 Meteorologists convert all atmospheric pressure data to the equivalent sea level air pressure in order to compare pressure readings from various weather stations compensation must be made for elevation 31 The Coriolis effect influences the wind by changing the direction to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere 32 The Coriolis effect is important only for motions that are free moving 33 The Coriolis effect occurs because of this characteristic of the Earth rotating 34 The addition of water vapor will cause the density of air to water vapor REDUCES density of air 35 The best explanation for the cause of atmospheric pressure is Amospheric pressure is Test Wednesday 3 13 12 caused by the weight of air molecules above it As elevation increases fewer air molecules are present Therefore atmospheric pressure always decreases with increasing height Rising air expands and cools adiabatically At the lifting condensation level the parcel has cooled to its dew point and further ascent causes condensation 36 The effect of friction on the wind alters its rate of acceleration causes the wind to accelerate it affects airflow It doesn t affect it much aloft but on surface areas it causes greater acceleration 37 The force that generates wind is variations in air pressure from place to place 38 The geostrophic wind concept is most like the real atmospheric winds geostrophic winds are idealized turned by earth are parallel to isobars in the real atmosphere winds are never purely geostrophic it only approximates the actual behavior of airflow aloft 39 The overall strength of a circulation system is determined by 40 The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure and at right angles to the isobars spacing of isobars and windspeed close steep spaced weak 41 The primary force which causes ALL winds is variations in air pressure from place to palce 42 The term pressure gradient refers to the acceleration of air due to pressure difference 43 What do isobars represent on a map Patterns of pressure connecting areas where air pressure is the same 44 When density remains constant and the temperature is lowered the pressure of a confined gas i e in a sealed tank will increase cold dense air has more pressure than warm dense air 45 Why do surface winds cross the isobars at an angle toward lower pressure instead of blowing parallel to the isobars Gradient winds pressure gradient and coriolis force are not balanced the imbalance provides a change in direction centripetal acceleration that generates curved flow 46 Global winds blow in an attempt to balance inequalities in global surface CH 7 temperatures 47
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