CHAPTER 13 o A weather warning indicates that o Hazardous weather is either imminent or occurring within the forecast area o A weather watch would probably be issued for which of the following o There is a chance for tornadoes tomorrow o A surface or upper level chart that interprets the present weather o A forecast of an extended period of dry weather would be made for a region conditions o An analysis is patterns beneath o An upper level ridge o Suppose it is warm and raining and a cold front is moving toward your location Directly behind the cold front it is cold and snowing Still further behind the front the weather is cold and clearing If the front is scheduled to pass your area in 6 hours a persistence forecast for your area for 2 hours from now would be o Warm and raining o The least accurate forecast method of predicting the weather two days into the future during changeable weather conditions is usually the o Weather forecast that predicts that the future weather will be the same as o Persistence forecast the present weather is called o Persistence forecasting o Which forecasting method assumes that weather systems will move in the same direction and at the same speed as they have been moving o Steady state trend forecast o A persistence forecast could be quite accurate when o You are positioned in the middle of a large stationary air mass o A weather forecast for the immediate future that employs the trend method o By examining a surface map the movement of a surface low pressure area o Predicting the weather by weather types employs which forecasting method o A forecast method that compares past weather maps and weather patterns to is called o Nowcasting can be predicted based upon the o All of the above o Analogue those of the present is o The analogue method o The forecasting technique that produces several versions of a forecast model each beginning with slightly different weather information to reflect errors in the measurements is called o Ensemble forecasting o Suppose that where you live the middle of January is typically several degrees warmer than the rest of the month If you forecast this January thaw for the middle of next January you would have made a o Climatological forecast o A probability forecast that calls for a 40 percent chance of rain means that o There is a 40 chance of rain that any random place in a forecasted area can receive measurable rain o Which of the following is presently a problem with modern day weather predictions o All of the above o An accurate forecast o May or may not show skill o For a forecast to show skill it must o A prog is o Be better than a persistence forecast or a climatological forecast o The final forecast chart representing the atmosphere at a specified future time called a prognostic chart prog o The forecasting of weather by a computer is known as o Numerical weather prediction o The greatest improvement in forecasting skill during the past 30 years has been made in forecasting o Severe storm warnings for hurricanes and tornadoes o Automated Surface Observing Systems ASOS measure o Wind temperature pressure cloud base height and runway visibility o A wind that changes direction in a counterclockwise sense with increasing at various airports height is called a n o Backing wind o Warm advection is most likely to occur o From the surface up to the 500mb level ahead of an advancing warm o The National Weather Service system of watches warnings and advisories generally don t address weather conditions which limit visibility front o False o Suppose there are two cloud layers above you The lower cloud layer is moving from a westerly direction while the higher cloud layer is moving from a northwesterly direction From this observation you conclude that the wind is with height and advection is occurring between the cloud layers o Veering warm o When making a forecast a meteorologist typically examines o All of the above surface charts upper air charts radar display satellite imagery o Modern computer forecasting models have increasingly smaller grid spacing This presents which of the following problems o Much more computations are needed o Very short range forecasts often utilize which of the following forecast o Subjective interpretations of surface observations satellite imagery and Doppler radar information o Lines connecting points of equal pressure change are called methods o Isallobars o Which below is NOT a condition associated with an omega high o It forms when the flow aloft is zonal o A comma cloud is o A band of organized cumuliform clouds that look like a comma on a satellite photograph o If you wanted to make a persistence forecast of minimum and maximum temperatures for a particular city which type of chart would be most helpful o A surface weather map CHAPTER 14 o All thunderstorms require o Rising air o The initial stage of an ordinary thunderstorm is the o Cumulus stage o Ordinary thunderstorms only last about one hour and begin to dissipate when o The downdraft spreads throughout the cloud and cuts off the updraft o An ordinary thunderstorm is a o Scattered or isolated storm that is not severe o Downdrafts spread throughout a thunderstorm during the stage o An ordinary thunderstorm is most intense during the stage o The most likely time for an ordinary thunderstorm to form is o Dissipating o Mature o Afternoon o Severe thunderstorms are different from ordinary thunderstorms in that severe thunderstorms o Have a tilted updraft in the mature stage o A supercell storm is o An enormous thunderstorm that lasts for several hours o Severe thunderstorms are capable of producing o ALL OF THE ABOVE large hail tornadoes flash floods o In a severe thunderstorm hail may o ALL OF THE ABOVE fall from the base of the anvil from the bottom of the cloud be tossed out the side of the cloud o A Mesoscale Convective Complex is actually o Individual thunderstorms that grow into a large long lasting weather system o Thunderstorms which produce tornadoes o Have rotating updrafts o The downdraft in an ordinary thunderstorm is created mainly by o Evaporating raindrops that make the air cold and heavy o The cloud that forms along the leading edge of a gust front is called o The leading edge of a thunderstorm s cold downdraft is known as a o A roll cloud o Gust front o The small area of high pressure created by the cold heavy air of a o Which of the following would you NOT expect to observe during the passage thunderstorm downdraft is
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