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Ch 5 Dew is most likely to form on clear calm nights All of the following are necessary ingredients for cloud formation EXCEPT warm surface air temperatures Hygroscopic nuclei have numerous natural and human related sources are relatively abundant downwind of urban industrial areas favor cloud formation at relative humidities under 100 All of the above are correct A cloud that forms liquid droplets has a relative humidity of 100 percent with respect to the liquid droplets If ice crystals form in this cloud they will experience the cloud environment as having a relative humidity of It is raining on only one side of your street The cloud above you is more than percent Which of these is a mid level cloud altostratus High clouds are those that form at altitudes of at least You observe a cloud at an altitude of 3000 m This cloud name would have the prefix nimbostratus cloud Ns Where are lenticular clouds most likely to form to the lee of mountains Which association is correct low cloud stratus The most common way for air to be cooled in order that a cloud may form is by rising and expanding The important difference between liquid droplets and ice crystals in a supercooled cloud is that ice crystals grown much more rapidly The conditions that persist along the West Coast of the U S that are conducive to fog formation are moist air moving over a cold surface The process by which a cloud droplet first forms is a condensation What is the basic reason why condensation is not very important in causing a cloud droplet to grow to raindrop size condensation is too slow Clouds are classified and named according to their altitude and form or appearance The raindrops that fall to Earth from a warm cloud contain about one million times the water in a typical cloud droplet This growth from cloud droplet to raindrop occurs mainly because of collision and coalescense Clouds dew and frost all form because air has become saturated This condition of saturation is usually caused by the air being cooled When warm moist air moves over a cold surface fog may result advection Which type of fog occurs during nights when skies are clear and relative humidity is high radiation fog The type of fog produced when cold air moves over a warm moist surface is called steam fog Thunder and lightning are associated with the cloud cumulonimbus A halo around the Sun or the Moon indicates the cloud is present cirrostratus Salt dust particles silver iodide and combustion by products are all examples of condensation nuclei Advection fogs form best when there is no wind false Ch 6 A steep pressure gradient produces strong winds Hydrostatic equilibrium is best defined as pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is just due to the weight of overlying If the Earth were not rotating air would move directly from high to low pressure Meteorologists convert all atmospheric pressure data to the equivalent sea level air pressure in order to remove the effects of elevation The Coriolis effect influences the wind by changing the direction of the wind The Coriolis effect is important only for motions that cover long distance The Coriolis effect occurs because of this characteristic of the Earth its rotation The addition of water vapor will cause the density of air to drop reduce density The best explanation for the cause of atmospheric pressure is weight of air above The effect of friction on the wind alters its speed and direction The force that generates wind is pressure gradient force The geostrophic wind concept is most like the real atmospheric winds at high latitudes The overall strength of a circulation system is determined by the pressure gradient The pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure everywhere The primary force which causes ALL winds is pressure gradient force The term pressure gradient refers to horizontal movement of air according to the equation What do isobars represent on a map areas on a map of similar atmospheric pressure When density remains constant and the temperature is lowered the pressure of a confined gas i e in a sealed tank will decrease Why do surface winds cross the isobars at an angle toward lower pressure instead of blowing parallel to the isobars friction reduces the speed so coriolis is weakened CH 7 According to Hadley the most important factor causing circulation patterns in the atmosphere was equator pole temperature contrast Concerning rainfall patterns areas of persistent high pressure tend to cause dessert regions Dust devils are created when air near the surface becomes much warmer than the air above El Ni o events are characterized by a temperature elevation of a few degree Celsius at the ocean surface Most of the United States is situated in which zone of prevailing winds westerlies The term Hadley cell applies to 0 degrees 30 degrees latitude Zonal refers to the east west direction while meridional refers to the north south direction true CH 8 A cT air mass is warm and dry An mP air mass is humid and cold An air mass from the Gulf of Mexico is called mT An air mass is a body of air with similar values of temperature and moisture in the horizontal Characteristics of an air mass source region include uniformity of temperature and moisture Compared to continental air masses with the same air temperature maritime air masses mT largely originates in Gulf of Mexico western Atlantic affecting eastern 2 3 of country warm moist unstable cT originates over Mexican Plateau region and desert SW confined to southern US in winter important source of moisture feeding storms all year round hot dry unstable at low levels stable at upper levels boundary between cT and mT is often called the dryline The air mass may produce an occasional nor easter in the winter mP The two most important properties that should be relatively homogeneous at the same altitude in an air mass are temperature and moisture Which of the following occurs only in summer in North America cP Which region of origin for mT air masses has the most impact on North American weather Over a warm water of the gulf of mexico carribean sea western atlantic ocean Overall questions A Doppler Radar measures direction and speed of precipitation A polar orbiting satellite will pass over Tallahassee t An anvil shaped top is most often associated with cumulonimbus clouds An example of a thermally direct circulation is one in which warm air is rising and cold air is sinking Clouds in the tropics tend to move from east to west


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FSU MET 1010 - Ch. 5

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