CHAPTER 1A south wind:-blows from the southA towering cloud, or cluster of clouds, accompanied by thunder, lightning, and strong, gusty winds is a:-thunderstormAlmost all of the earth's weather occurs in the:-troposphereAreas of high atmospheric pressure are also known as:-anticyclonesAs a radiosonde balloon ascends through the atmosphere, the balloon:-expandsAt night, when the weather is extremely cold and dry,-atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude At the 500 mb level, the amount of oxygen inhaled in a single breath is ____ of that inhaled at sea-level.-about one halfClouds often form in the:-troposphereCondensation is more likely to occur:-when the air coolsGenerally, weather in the middle latitudes tends to move from ____ to ____.-west, eastIf you were to take a breath of pure oxygen, from a tank, you'd be getting about ____ the amount of oxygen you'd get by taking a normal breath of our atmosphere.-five timesIn a temperature inversion:-air temperature increases with increasing heightIn a volume of air near the earth's surface, ____ occupies 78 percent and ____ nearly 21 percent.Nitrogen, oxygenIn the atmosphere, tiny solid or liquid suspended particles of various composition are called:-aerosolsIn the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds tend to blow ____ and ____ around an area of surface low pressure.Counterclockwise, inwardIn the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds tend to blow ____ and ____ around an area of surface high pressure.Clockwise, outwardIn the stratosphere, the air temperature normally:Increases with increasing heightMeteorology is the study of:-the study of the atmosphere and its phenomenaMost of the ionosphere is found in what atmospheric layer?-thermosphereMuch of Tibet lies at altitudes over 18,000 feet where the pressure is about 500 mb. At such altitudes, the Tibetans are above roughly:-50 percent of the air molecules in the atmosphereOn a weather map, sharp changes in temperature, humidity, and wind direction are marked by:-frontOzone in the stratosphere:-protects life from harmful ultraviolet radiationSince the turn of this century, CO2 in the atmosphere has:-been increasing in concentrationThe amount of force exerted over an area of surface is called:-pressureThe atmospheric layer in which we live is called the:-troposphereThe difference in altitude (i.e., the thickness) is greatest in the layer bounded by:-1mb to 10mbThe earth's atmosphere is divided into layers based on the vertical profile of:-air tempreatureThe electrified region of the upper atmosphere is called the:-ionosphereThe gas responsible for the greenhouse effect on Venus is:-carbon dioxideThe gas that absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere is:-ozoneThe gas that shows the most variation from place to place and from time to time in the lower atmosphere is which of the following?-carbon dioxide (CO2)The greenhouse gas that has been increasing in concentration, at least partly due to deforestation, is:-carbon dioxideThe hottest atmospheric layer is the:-thermosphereThe instrument that measures temperature, pressure, and humidity at various altitudes in the atmosphere is the:-radiosondeThe ionosphere is an atmospheric layer that contains a high concentration of ions. An ion is:An atom or molecule that has lost or gained an electronThe most abundant gases in the earth's atmosphere by volume are:Nitrogen and oxygenThe most abundant greenhouse gas in the earth's atmosphere is:Water vapor(H2O)The number or mass of air molecules in a given space or volume is called:densityThe only substance near the earth's surface that is found naturally in the atmosphere as a solid, liquid, and a gas is:waterThe primary source of oxygen for the earth's atmosphere during the past half billion years or so appears to be:photosynthesisThe rate at which temperature decreases with increasing altitude is known as the:Lapse rateThe temperature of the tropopause:Is much colder than the temperature at the earth’s surfaceThe wind direction is:The direction from which the wind is blowingThere is a lot of mixing and overturning of air in which of the following atmospheric layers?troposphereTypically, water vapor occupies about what percentage of the air's volume near the earth's surface?Less than 4 percentWarming in the stratosphere is mainly caused by:Absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozoneWhere cold surface air replaces warm air, the boundary separating the different bodies of air is:Cold frontWhich latitude belt best describes the middle latitudes?30 degrees to 50 degreesWhich of the following are NOT units of pressure?newtonsWhich of the following equations is correct?Weight=mass*gravityWhich of the following is MOST likely associated with fair weather?High pressure areaWhich of the following is considered a variable gas in the earth's atmosphere?Water vaporWhich of the following processes remove CO2 from the atmosphere?photosynthesisWhich of the following weather elements ALWAYS decreases as we climb upward in the atmosphere?pressure____ holds a planet's atmosphere close to its surface.gravity CHAPTER 2"A good absorber of a given wavelength of radiation is also a good emitter of that wavelength." This is a statement of:Kirchoff’s lawA change of one degree on the Celsius scale is ____ a change of one degree on the Fahrenheit scale.Larger thanA red shirt:Selectively scatters red wavelengths of visible light and absorbs the restAccording to Wein's displacement law, the wavelength at which maximum radiation occurs:Is inversely proportional to the temperatureAn increase in albedo would be accompanied by ____ in radiative equilibrium temperature.A decreaseCharged particles from the sun that travel through space at high speeds are called:Solar flaresClouds ____ infrared radiation and ____ visible radiation.Absorb, reflectElectromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.7 micrometers is called:Visible lightEnergy of motion is also known as:Kinetic energyEvaporation is a ____ process.coolingHeat is energy in the process of being transferred from:Hot objects to cold objectsHow do red and blue light differ?Red has a higher wavelength and lower frequency, blue has a lower wavelengthHow much radiant energy will an object emit if its temperature is at absolute zero?noneIf the amount of energy lost by the earth to space each year were not approximately equal to that received,The atmosphere’s average temperature
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