KNES350 notes 11 26 12 7 00 PM Sport Psychology understanding why people behave the way they do in a sporting environment athletes coaches fans parents What is the longest running TV show in the US Monday Night Football 1 10th of World Almanac is devoted to sport Who needs a sport psychologist Someone who has trouble focusing on competition concentrating how to mentally manage gifts how to motivate people exercise overcome fears tennis golf concentration and strategies to maintain optimism maintain child parent relationship in sport improve performance help kids overcome pressure What can you do with a sport psychology degree Bob Rotella managing yourself on the golf course UVA leading sport psychologist on pro golf tours Need certifications from APA to be a sport psychologist History of Sport Psychology Began in 1920s Newt Rockney coached the fighting Irish of Notre Dame Used pep talks to motivate players Cullman Griffith researcher at Univ of Illinois Champagne 1930s o Father of Sport Psychology o Worked with Chicago Cubs Sport psych not as popular in 30s and 40s because of Great Depression WWI WWII 1960s rebirth in sport psych international conference held in Washington D C North American Sport Psychology o general conference to spark interest 1970s sport psych being taught at graduate levels performance enhancement visualization techniques goal setting enhancing cognitive process 1980s more and more research at universities looking at competitive edge stress management attitude personal growth sport related injury applied theories 1990s neurological basis looking at brain activity under stress brain activity in exercise and motivating most recent delaying onset of dementia Alzheimer s what kind of brain activity is going on in stressful situation how are they motivated and how they maintain composure in combat sport ethics elite athletes have the same brain activity as armed forces navy seals can maintain strength in stressful situations 9 8 11 4 Ingredients of an Elite Athlete 1 Fitness o cardiovascular endurance o strength dynamic vs static o flexibility 2 Skill o coordination o reflexes o agility o speed o spatial awareness o sport intelligence kinesiological awareness 3 physical endowments o height o size o vision o balance center of gravity 4 Psychological mental o needs desire o personality self confidence and emotional stability 11 26 12 7 00 PM Individual Personal Differences 1 Socioeconomic level amount of income you have where you live what influence you have 2 Family structure birth order makes a difference 3 Geographic location where you play will largely determine what you play 4 Luck making connections right place at right time Had to answer a set of questions and use answers to get 6 different scores each score corresponded to a reason why people engage in physical activity the lower the number the more strongly you felt a 1 in social means you engage in sport for social purposes Social social reasons mainly girls Health fitness Vertigo danger aspect risk taking Aesthetic experiencing beauty in body movement Catharsis sport as a way to release tension Acetic play no matter how much you hurt generally hardcore athletes ATTITUDE Dr Jerry Kenyon says attitude is your signature the way you respond in life attitude shapes your convictions the underlying factor between success and failure An individual difference Based on past experience Attitudes formed depending on where your from your background religious background sports music art drama positive negative experiences Skinner respond to different stimuli because of our past experiences Negative attitude erodes performance and energizes your opponent Attitude is a choice Guidelines to work on your attitude o How would you like to work for you o Would you like to be married to you o When your alarm goes off beep beep or nice music o Don t read the newspaper o Go to the gym Negative attitude erodes performance and also feeds your opponent Positive attitude can be used to motivate teammates to perform Having a positive attitude is important in many aspects of like as better well as sports can possibly be Takes 30 days to practice being a positive person your choice Understanding Why We Behave the way we do Theories of understanding human bvr make people the most they Abraham Maslow hierarchy of needs theory motivational theory o Human beings have a lot of needs if needs are satisfied we can be happy mature adults o Basic to higher needs such as psychological this theory looks at o 1 what motivates you o How are different needs met o How do we reach our psychological potential Physiological o The foundation o Food water basically the biological things you need to survive o Most of us have this need taken care of Safety security o Survival needs When this need is taken care of we can get into the area of psychological growth We need stability protection structure order laws freedom from fear Kids who live in a structured environment are more secure Kids love being in a routine Love and Affection o Need to feel cared about o A reason why gifted athletes might rise to this level o Not paying attention to love needs that are so basic may lead to maladjustment o A lot of success in athletics revolves around feeling like you belong and are loved by teammates fans When athletes don t get this type of affirmation they may not perform to their potential o Love determines how successful you ll be in life o Ex Mary Clark suffered from loneliness made fun of in high school Committed suicide o Norma Brown voted best teacher in school system followed Dr Brown everywhere because she was her only friend o Neighborhood you live in is important o Moving from house to house can destroy kids o 09 22 11 o Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs Understanding why players behave the way they do Self esteem Desire to achieve desire for reputation recognition status leads to independence what are some of the origins of self esteem The clearer parents make rules to their kids the higher their self esteem will be The more freedom a child has the lower their self esteem will be What is self esteem o Confidence in your ability to cope with basic rules and challenges gives you confidence by knowing you are worthy of something deserving of being recognized for accomplishments appreciating own self worth responsibility for actions being respectful to others o You cannot have self esteem without first doing well o In the last few decades self esteem has