September 3rd Exercise Psychology the study of brain and behavior in physical activity and exercise settings A multi disiplinary field of study rather than a sub discipline of psychology the application of psychological principles to the promotion and maintenance of exercise the psychological cognitive and emotional consequences of exercise Exercise planned and repetitive a goal in mind Physical activity more general any type of bodily movement that will increase metabolic rate Parent Disciplines involve psychology a field of study concerned with various mental processes of people experience and use in all aspects of their lives exercise science study of all aspects of sport recreation exercise and fitness and rehabilitative behavior Sister Fields Rehabilitation psychology relationship between psychological factors and the physical rehabilitation process Health Psychology psychological process related to health and health care nutrition smoking cessation Cognitive Science learning language cognition Neuroscience cognitive affective and social Exercise psychology is non elite as compared to sport psychology and has non competitive motives for participants and focus is on participation not performance Sport psychology is elite performance competitive and focused on performance Emergence of Exercise Psychology been well known concept since Greek philosophers that exercise is good for you industrial revolution value of fitness recognized 1970 s and 80 s fitness craze popularity of aerobics and weight training recent shifts of perception of exercise can help reduce heightened levels of stress and individuals can play an active role in maintaining improving their health and different views of women exercising during pregnancy We don t have to depend on physicians to tell us what to do we choose to be healthy Father of Exercise Psychology William P Morgan 1932 present 1970 founded Ergopsychology lab at Univ of Wisconsin Madison 1986 founding president division 47 exercise and sport psychology American psychological Association Coleman Griffith exercise and sport psychology Grandfather Illinois Harvard studied coaching behaviors Early Pioneer in Exercise Psychology Daniel Landers Penn State Arizona State Exercise Psychology Laboratory Worked with USOC and at Olympic training center in Colorado Springs Gunnar AV Borg 1928 present Chair of psychophysics Stockholm university Pioneer of psychophysics during exertion Rating scales for comparing peoples level of exertion during physical activity Understand psychological antecedents of exercise behavior Adoption adherance noncompliance Understand Psychological Consequences of Exercise reduce negative and promote positive psychological emotional states Participation in Exercise Research States incidence of regular physical activity participation is considerably lower than earlier believed maybe less than 5 of the adult participation not much leisure time only one of 13 physical activity and fitness objectives proposed in the federal government s Healthy People 2000 document was actually met Reasons to Exercise Pleasure scholarship health leisure social prevent injury stress bone health improved physiological health physical fitness physical appearance improved psychological emotional health improved social relations Barriers to Physical Activity Time motivation social injury convenience availability environmental ecological factors physical limitations lack of time boredom lack of enjoyment Where can we use exercise psychology Primary secondary education higher education fitness and wellness rehabilitation business Why exercise What prevents us September 5th What prevents us from exercising effects are not immediate of not exercising short term pleasures turn into long term exercises time diet less structure in the days media money mindset motivations comfortable environment Epidemic of Physical Inactivity physical inactivity and poor diet 16 of deaths each year leads to disease industrial revolution increased technology increase stress reduced occupational physical activity What extent are we active What activities Variations in Patterns Why are some motivated and others not How is physical activity and death linked Recommendations Cardiovascular Training 3 5 days a week 20 60 mins at target heart rate resistance one set 8 12 reps fatigue managed twice a week 8 12 different exercises flexibility 3 5 sets per stretch hold stretch 10 30 seconds major muscles grouped stretched at least 3 days a week Survey downfalls age older person don t understand what moderate or often means people lie occupation less accurate in reporting lower level activities Recall Interview probing for accuracy sleep weekdays vs weekends estimation of amount of energy used Measure physical activity Devices errors possible not completely accurate heart rate monitor Max heart rate 220 age pedometer accelerator Observation too many people to observe people change behavior when observed observations can be swayed for your own bias Sedentary rates are high 30 40 percent are sedentary Brazil may have a lot of occupational activity we may not know about which could explain why they are so low Shouldn t sit around all day move around Sitting Time simply sitting is not the same thing as sedentary behavior which is defined as not engaging in physical activity you can be physically active and still have a lot of sitting time physically active is opposite of sedentary lifestyle Definition of leisure time physical activity changed our country didn t necessarily become healthier September 10th Men are slightly more physically active than woman Older less physical activity Transferring children s enjoyment of sport into lifetime activities incorporate activities exposure like hiking etc at an early age and the idea of going outside or get them into habit of playing a recreational sport at a young age because it is harder when you are older does it really transfer to times later in life competition gets harder may be tougher to stay involved or may not have coaches motivation like they did as a kid people influential in children s lives can model this healthy behavior biking or walking example person of influence enjoyment are main aspects Men more rigorous activity and women more moderate activity Caucasians more active than other groups of people Hispanic and African Americans may be the case because of INCOME CULTURE EDUCATION OPPORTUNITY based on income OCCUPATION SCHEDULE