6 16 11 6 57 PM CNIDARIANS Eumetazoa multicellular with true tissues cnidocyte cells characteristic of the phylum Cnidocytes contain organelles called cnidae cnidum sing Nematocysts cellular organelle capped by an operculum within a cnidocyte shoots harpoon like objectile Cnidocil the trigger usually initiated by physical chemical contact TYPES OF CNIDAE THERES LOTS FALL THESE CATERGORY volvents are whiplike entangle prey ENTANGLE glutinants have a sticky secretion that sticks to the prey also used to adhere move GLUEY penetrants have barbs at their tips and penetrate the prey often injecting a toxin causing paralysis STAB Polyp cylindrical generally attached to a substrate solitary or colonial tentacles surround a mouth that faces away from substrate generally upward Medusa umbrella shaped free floating tentacles surround mouth that generally faces downward THINK M FACES DOWN LIKE MEDUSAS base pedal disc attaches to substrate epitheliomuscular cells in epidermis with longitudinal myofibrils nutritive muscular cells in gastrodermis with circular myofibrils stem cell like interstitial cells give rise to sex cells cnidocytes sensory nerve cells in both tissue layers gland cells are in both tissue layers zygote develops into a free swimming multicellular ciliated planula larva that will settle and form a new polyp COLONY group of individuals often asexually produced clones living interdependently often cooperatively EX MANOWAR anthozoan corals SOLITARY NOT HYDRAS siphonophores the ultimate superorganisms a colony of specialized cooperative polymorphic polyps Hydrocorals aka fire coral not a true coral but a hydrozoan rhopalium sense organ in notches along edge of bell balance ie INSERT LIFE CYCLE SCYPHOZOAN AURELIA Staurozoa split off from the Class Scyphozoa solitary polyp MIX B W POLYP MEDUSA LIKE MEDUSA STUCK symbiotic photosynthetic algae called zooxanthellae ANTHOZOANS COMMONLY HAVE SUB CLASSES ANT sea anemones and hard corals hexamerous polymerous symmetry soft corals sea fans etc octomerous symmetry acontia threads with nematocysts gland cells siphonoglyph ciliated groove runs down sides of pharynx maintains H20 current DIVIDED CHAMBERS OF GVC BY septa warming sea temp kills zooxanthellae get coral bleaching SOFT CORALS secrete stiff but flexible gorgonin protein CTENOPHORA CONTAIN NO NEMATOCYTES BUT GLUE CELLS CALLED COLLOBLAST 6 16 11 6 57 PM CNIDARIANS Eumetazoa multicellular with true tissues cnidocyte cells characteristic of the phylum Cnidocytes contain organelles called cnidae cnidum sing Nematocysts cellular organelle capped by an operculum within a cnidocyte shoots harpoon like objectile Cnidocil the trigger usually initiated by physical chemical contact TYPES OF CNIDAE THERES LOTS FALL THESE CATERGORY volvents are whiplike entangle prey ENTANGLE glutinants have a sticky secretion that sticks to the prey also used to adhere move GLUEY penetrants have barbs at their tips and penetrate the prey often injecting a toxin causing paralysis STAB Polyp cylindrical generally attached to a substrate solitary or colonial tentacles surround a mouth that faces away from substrate generally upward Medusa umbrella shaped free floating tentacles surround mouth that generally faces downward THINK M FACES DOWN LIKE MEDUSAS base pedal disc attaches to substrate epitheliomuscular cells in epidermis with longitudinal myofibrils nutritive muscular cells in gastrodermis with circular myofibrils stem cell like interstitial cells give rise to sex cells cnidocytes sensory nerve cells in both tissue layers gland cells are in both tissue layers zygote develops into a free swimming multicellular ciliated planula larva that will settle and form a new polyp COLONY group of individuals often asexually produced clones living interdependently often cooperatively EX MANOWAR anthozoan corals SOLITARY NOT HYDRAS siphonophores the ultimate superorganisms a colony of specialized cooperative polymorphic polyps Hydrocorals aka fire coral not a true coral but a hydrozoan rhopalium sense organ in notches along edge of bell balance ie INSERT LIFE CYCLE SCYPHOZOAN AURELIA Staurozoa split off from the Class Scyphozoa solitary polyp MIX B W POLYP MEDUSA LIKE MEDUSA STUCK symbiotic photosynthetic algae called zooxanthellae ANTHOZOANS COMMONLY HAVE SUB CLASSES ANT sea anemones and hard corals hexamerous polymerous symmetry soft corals sea fans etc octomerous symmetry acontia threads with nematocysts gland cells siphonoglyph ciliated groove runs down sides of pharynx maintains H20 current DIVIDED CHAMBERS OF GVC BY septa warming sea temp kills zooxanthellae get coral bleaching SOFT CORALS secrete stiff but flexible gorgonin protein CTENOPHORA CONTAIN NO NEMATOCYTES BUT GLUE CELLS CALLED COLLOBLAST Phylum Annelida segemented worm 6 19 11 3 51 PM they convert organic debris into CO2 which dissolves in water and Annelids are important in marine ecosystems involved in nutrient redistribution through burrowing is taken up by marine phytoplankton for photosynthesis releasing O2 first Coelom we have looked at thus far a fluid filled body cavity completely enclosed by mesoderm Annelids are metameric the body is a series of repeating segments or metameres metameres are separated externally by circular rings or annuli metameres are separated internally by septa components of all major body systems excretory circulatory reproductive nervous are repeated mostly in each segment the gut is the only exception it runs all the way through segments CIRCULATORY SYS a dorsal vessel pushes blood forward anteriorly a ventral vessel moves blood posteriorly think v vent to back capillary beds connect the two major blood vessels in the body wall where blood gets oxygenated by diffusion and in the gut wall where blood picks up nutrients sometimes setae are on paired paddle like appendages called parapodia in marine polychaetes a moist acellular collagenous cuticle secreted by epidermal epithelial tissue all except for leeches have tiny chitinous bristles called setae metanephridia tubules in each segment collect filter coelomic fluid removing nitrogenous wastes urea in terrestrial species ammonia in aquatic species to outside through nephridiopores so not just for osmoregulation ion balance but true excretory N waste function NO LONGER ONE ENDED BULBS BUT INSTEAD TUBULES earthworm typhlosole U shaped intestine increases surface area for absorption LOOKS LIKE A TONGUE IN X S Family Sabellidae filter feeding tube worms beating of cilia on
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