HDFS 105 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Guest speaker- leadership development Outline of Current Lecture I. Your valuesII. Family valuesIII. Demographics of adulthoodIV.EducationV.Features of emerging adulthood time of transition (Arnett)VI.Physical development in early adulthoodVII.Cognitive development- PiagetVIII.Carol GilliganIX.Our society’s love for early adulthoodX.Social normsXI.Erikson’s stage- early adulthoodXII.Levinson research- early adulthoodXIII.Adult attachment categoriesXIV.Mental healthXV.RapeXVI.Friendships in early adulthoodXVII.Love relationshipsXVIII.Variations in family organization and structureXIX.Becoming parentsXX.Changes in the division of household laborXXI.Do all couples become parents?XXII.Unmarried couplesXXIII.DivorceCurrent LectureI. Your values a. What are your own values? b. What are your goals in life?c. What career opportunities will be open to you?d. How are your values and goals similar to those of your parents and grandparents? How are they different?i. Your values will be most similar to your parents' values These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.II. Family valuesa. Families do pass on values through generations b. Age cohorts' life experiences may alter them slightly, though they remain much the sameII. Demographics of adulthood a. Post WWII baby boom brought about a rapid expansion in the nation's work force, lots of professional positions opened up (your parents had a lot more opportunity) b. As your generation reaches early adulthood there is much more competition for those positions c. How important is a college education?i. Very important! More young adults continue education beyond undergraduate degreeII. Education todaya. More young adults continue education beyond high school, and more recently beyond undergraduate degreesb. Jobs more competitive than they were for the baby boom generationc. Leave-takers from college lack sense of direction. Often they go back to college with work and life experience and succeed! II. Features of emerging adulthood time of transition (Arnett) a. Identity exploration- love and workb. Instability- love, work, education. Economic dependence on family extending for manyc. Self-focused- increasing autonomy d. Feeling in-between- feel not yet fully adult e. Age of possibilities- optimism, positive directionII. Physical development in early adulthood a. Physical performance peaks in 20's i. Best speed and agility in athletes occurs between age 18 and 30, then begins todeclineb. Most young adults are very healthyi. Young adults report the least illnesses and chronic health complaintsii. Unhealthy habits established in childhood typically persist- unhealthy food, lackof exercise II. Cognitive development- Piageta. Formal operational stage continuesb. Piaget does not define a new and separate stage of development at each phase of adulthoodc. We do have potential to continue to develop cognitively- more systematic and sophisticated thinkingd. Is there a 5th, post formal stage? i. No, but as humans we have the ability to continue to develop; get better at the work skills/study skills we engage in II. More thinking- Carol Gilligana. Men and women live in different moral domainsa. Men- justice approach i. Define moral problems in terms of rights and rules (follow policies; rules are right) b. Women- responsibility approach i. Perceive morality as an obligation to avoid hurting others II. Our society loves early adulthooda. Age consciousnessi. Has grown over the last 150 yearsii. People in the US view adulthood positively, though young adulthood is favored over older age groups iii. Society view women as aging faster than men though this is not true physically,BUT the truth is the opposite! II. Social normsa. Social norms- especially age norms- define what is appropriate for people to do at various agesb. Age graded systems have age specific roles defined by society. In the US there are no specific roles required, but there are expected age normsII. Life eventsa. Turning points in people's livesb. May be related to social normsi. Becoming parents, for exampleb. May be independent of social normsi. Events like war, earthquakeii. Change lives regardless of age, genderXII. Erikson's stage- Early Adulthooda. Intimacy vs isolationb. Young adults form meaningful relationships with other young adultsc. May form long lasting partnershipd. If not, young adults may become isolated, lonelye. Must balance intimacy, commitment, independence, freedom, avoid isolation (must have good relationships, yet maintain who you are, focus on yourself) II. Levinson research- early adulthood (MEN'S RESEARCH) a. Malei. Leaving the familyii. Getting into the adult worldiii. Becoming independentiv. Creating a structure for life that will be reviewed as the person agesv. More on Levinson in Middle adulthood b. Femalei. Not as much research done on women in early adulthood ii. Women in the past were seen in terms of their reproductive roleiii. Today- careers outside the home play significant role in self-esteem, identityiv. Decrease in importance of marital status in women's roles and activities XIV. Adult attachment categoriesa. From research on love relationships, correlates with early childhood attachmentb. Secure attachment- positive relationshipsc. Avoidant attachment- hesitant, distanced. Anxious attachment- jealous, demanding, possessive, less trusting II. Mental healtha. Good mental health requires that people adapt to life's fortunesi. Ability to function well in social rolesii. Subjective sense of well-beingiii. Stress- depends how a person defines life eventsiv. Attitude, self-esteem, sense of control, social supportII. Rape- stressful life event a. The stress of rape, whether it is reported or not, can cause long term emotional problems as well as physical illnessb. Society continues to place some blame on the victim II. Friendships in early adulthooda. Men participate in activities with their friendsi. Often friendly competitionb. Women focus with friends relationshipsi. Understanding and sharing feelingsb. Communications stylesi. Men prefer report talkii. Women prefer rapport talk II. Love relationships (not on the exam) a. Romantic love- passionate love, erosb. Affectionate love- companionate love, deep caring affectionc. Consummate love- passion, intimacy, and commitment d. If you