HDFS 105 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I. Video: Boys and Girls are Different Outline of Current Lecture I. Current context for child care II. Types of child development programs III. Characteristics of supplemental care IV. Quality indicators in child careA. Structural indicatorsB. Global indicatorsC. Process indicators V. Day care trilema VI. NICHD study of early child care and youth development Current LectureI. Current context for child care A. Changing demographics B. Rapid expansion in availability of child care C. Expansion = concerns (are we putting our little babies at risk when we put them in child care settings?) D. Controversy- impact of child care II. Types of child development programs A. Investment in human capital (ex. Headstart) B. A consumer good (private expensive pre-school programs, great facilities) C. Supplemental care (only take care of kids when parents are at work)D. Remedial care (help children overcome challenges and disabilities)E. Substitution care (24/7 care, all year long- orphanage) II. Characteristics of supplemental care A. In-home care: when childcare provider comes to home and takes care of the kids when parents are at work/busy; childcare provider tends to be older females and have typically no professional training and educational background; adult oriented hazards in the house; typically 1:1 adult to child ratio from 6-10 hours a day; no structured activities B. Family day care home: family day care provider who decides the child care business in a certain home; tends to be younger women 25-30 y/o with some experience and educational background; young women who have a child of their own but don’t These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.want to let other people take care of their kid/don’t want to go back to work/with little income; converts home into a family daycare home C. Nursery school/preschool: children would come for a short amount of time to socialize; younger women childcare professionals with formal education and training,with experience; physical environment are child-centered so no adult oriented hazards; wide diversity of children/peers, highly structured with specific schedules/planned activitiesD. Child care/day care center: child-centered setting, lots of planned activities; childrenare there from 8-10 hours/day and typically 5 days/week, extended hours! Children consume most of their calorie intake in day care; child care providers tend to be young and less educated; high turn-over of care providers but kids are there for a long period of time II. Quality indicators in child careA. Structural indicators i. Used to regulate child care settings ii. To guide program development iii. Easily quantifiable1. Looks at adult-child ratios (Ideally lower ratio; since adult mediates the children's experiences so can't have too many adults because children become dependent; ideal = 1 adult for every 4 babies) 2. Group size: how many children in the program total and how many in each classroom; smaller tend to be better; ideal group of babies = 5-6 babies; toddlers= 12-153. Staff stability: how long are the staff present for the program; developing secure/attached relationships for the children so they need the same stafffor a long period 4. Staff education/training: degrees, credentialsB. Global indicators i. Measurement procedures that provide overall assessment ii. Trained raters- spend a few days to rate the different aspects of program iii. Ex. ITERS/ECERS- widely used global ratings used B. Process indicators i. Focus on processes- what goes on in the program; how staff interact with children, what kind of communication do staff have with parents/families, etc.ii. Difficult to assess; labor intensive process; requires well-trained staff iii. Research on developmental outcomes iv. NAEYC accreditation (national)- utilizes all 3 indicators; year-long process to do self-study V. Day care trilemma A. Quality (high quality) B. Compensation (what are you going to pay childcare teachers? They are very underpaid- minimum wage) C. Affordability (how much are you willing to pay for that high quality care)VI. NICHD Study of early child care and youth developmentA. Longitudinal study- 1991B. Purpose- impact of child care on later developmentC. Major findingsi. High quality = better outcomesii. Time in care mattersiii. Impact varies based on ageiv. Parent and family characteristics- stronger predictors of child