Ghist 101 1st Edition Lecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Establishment of Roman Hegemony II. Middle Republic a. Provincial administrationb. Politicsc. Cultured. LiteratureIII. Late Republic a. Gracchi b. Gaius Mariusc. Cicero IV. Fall of Republic a. Caesar, Crassus, and PompeyOutline of Current Lecture I. Fall of the Republic II. Second Triumvirate a. Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus b. CleopatraIII. Octavian as Augustus IV. Roman EmpireThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. PaxRomanaV. Golden Age of Empire Current Lecture- Fall of the republic o Caesar, Crassus, and Pompeyo Death of Crassuso Civil war between Caesar and Pompey- Assassination of Caesar- Second Triumvirateo Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus Octavian (Caesars step son) built alliance with Mark Atony and Lepidus Lepidus was not very important and faded out, leaving the alliance to Octavian and Mark Atonyo Cleopatra of Egypt Cleopatra fell in love with Mark Antony They both committed suicide o Battle of Actium- Octavian as Augustuso Octavian transferred all of his power to the Roman Senate o Gave him a new name -> Augustus Caesar o The first emperor of the Roman Empire o The end of the Roman Republic - Roman Empire o Augustus’s policies Personal power- Money – was able to provide constant food support - Army – used army to make other generals impossible to rise up (contained enemies and supported own cattle through wealth) Helping the urban poor- Provided basic food supply to poor in the city of Rome Public works Moral reform- Values Roman morality and history - He and his wife had a modest lifestyle and was not interested in luxury things - Abandoned use of slaves Revival of the state cult- Revive Roman religion - Many people were interested in Greek philosophy and religion, Augustus wanted to switch beliefs to Roman beliefs Retrenchment of the military - Stopped military conquest - No major wars - More than 200,000 soldiers returned home o PaxRomana- The Roman Peace Built two centuries of peace First time the western world was unified under one authority and law- Never been achieved again in history - Julio-Caludianso Tiberius – son in law of Augustus o Caligula, great grandson of Augustus Insane tyrant Suffered from mental illness- Killed his cousin, granmather, father in law, mother in law, abandoned sisters, innocent civilians o Calaudiuso Nero Notorious tyrant Great Fire of Rome - After the fire, the whole Roman city was destroyed - Some people believe the fire was an accident, some people believe it was Nero who started it because he wanted to build a new city for Rome - He killed his mother, brother, teacher, Christians and Jews Personal life - Had three wives - Committed suicide o None of these rulers had a natural death except Tiberius - Golden age of the Empireo Flavian Dynastyo Nerva-Antonine Dynasty Five good emperors Marcus Aurelius - Strong believer of
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