GHIST 101 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. Harappan CivilizationII. AryansIII. Hinduism a. Scripts of Hinduismb. Teaching Hinduism c. Castes (Social Classes) d. Hindu Traditions IV. Buddhism a. Four Noble Truthsb. Goal of the Middle Way c. Theravada Buddhism d. Mahayana Buddhism Outline of Current Lecture V. Mahayana Buddhism VI. Xia DynastyVII. Shang Dynasty Current LectureMahayana Buddhism – “Greater Vehicle” - Development of Buddhist Theology - Lotus Sutrao Buddha as a god o Immediate benefits for believers He wanted to bring more tangible wealth to believers People gave a lot of money to the temples - Intermediaries o Bodhisattvaso Other Buddha’s and their paradises There is a hell in Buddhism The paradises in Buddhism are not the most desired destination - Salvation is guaranteed once you reach a paradise - Once you are ready, you will be sent to Nirvana by a Buddha These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. The ultimate destination is Nirvana - Mahayana vision of future lives o New economic conditions - Found today in East Asia o East Asia has 3 and a half countries – China, Japan, Korea, and Northern Vietnam - Pure Land Schoolo The most popular school in East Asia Women were inferior who should climb latter to become man o Devotion to Amitabha Buddha leading to reborn in the West Pure Land (Paradise)o Importance of faith The Parable of the White Path - Story written by very famous master - One day there was a young male who was running and beasts and villains who tried to kill him pursued him. He came to a bank of a riverand he noticed the river was filled with endless fire and white water. Ifhe tried to enter the river, he would be killed by fire or water. If he went back villains would kill him. He had no other choice but to go through a very narrow white path through the fire. He heard a voice from the other side of the river saying “believe me, I’ll save you.” He used his faith and started to walk along path and arrived on the other side of the river and was saved. - Shows salvation by faith o Advantages of Mahayana Buddhism More attractive destinations- People really like enjoyable paradise instead of Nirvana More practical approach- How to achieve Nirvana is more practical - Salvation is guaranteed More accessible teachings - Xia Dynasty (2200-1600 BC) o Earliest Dynasty in traditional Chinese accounts o Founded by Xia Yu Beginning of the hereditary system First political dynasty Before the Xia dynasty, kings ruled the land. The kings would not pass down his thrown based on his merits (wanted to find the most upright person in the whole kingdom) o Debates over its actual existence - Shang Dynasty (1600-1045 BC) o Beginning of Chinese history in western books Shang tomb- upside-down pyramid from Egypt shoved into the grouno Moved its capital six times Last capital identified: Anyang o Oracle Bones King’s communications with the gods Inscriptions on bones or shells Questions concerning policy or future events - In the year of 1900, a famine hit china. In order to get better, he needed to drink dragon bone soup. Instead of dragon bones, he drankturtle shell powder in order to be healed. Before he went to cook the soup, he realized there were inscriptions on the turtle shells, but he couldn’t read them. He felt that they were similar to what he understood. He sent someone else to get more shells because he realized that they might be new writings. - Used the shells to forecast the future. o Kings could read the cracks on the turtle shells to predict future o Bones became very precious because it allows us to study aspects of their life o The future is open Over hundreds of thousands Chinese symbols/ characters o Collapse of the Shang Shang Dynasty- King Zhou, a tyrant ruler and the last Shang king Zhou Dynasty- King Wen, a sage king in Confucian accountso Once he came to Shang, he tried to present his own tribute. King Zhou put him in jail - King Wu, song of King Wen- Invasion of Shang, 1045
View Full Document
Unlocking...