GHIST 101 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. Greek Religion II. Birth of History in the WestIII. Greek PhilosophersIV. Platoa. Five forms of government V. Aristotle VI. Greek Drama Outline of Current Lecture I. SpartaII. AthensIII. Athenian Democracya. Direct Democracy IV. Athenian Women Current Lecture- Sparta (8th Cent. – 3th cent. BC) o Largest and most prosperous city-stateo Conservative in natureo Military state (compared to apartheid South Africa)o Social structure Citizens (Spartans)- Land ownership- agoge educationThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Helots (serfs)o Krypteia(secret police)o Women: relatively high status- Constitutiono Two kings (limited power): veto powero Public assembly (Demos): adult warriors Held once a month Initiating new laws, starting new wars… Voting process: “the shout”o Council of elders: 28 senior men (lifetime appointment) + 2 kingso Magistrates (Ephors): 5 of them Elected by the assembly annually Supreme court Tax collection Power of indictment- Athens (6th cent. – 4th cent. BC) o Social structure Aristocrats Farmers Landless farmerso Social tensions and the reform of Solon (6th cent. BC) Abolishment of debt slavery Political reform- Rich elites and their privileges- Council of 400 men- Athenian Democracy o Direct democracy General assembly of all citizens (ecclesia)o Council of 500 10 groups, each with 50 men Membership: 30 or older; one year position; no more than twice Committees (rotation between groups) Daily administrationo Citizens split into 30 sections (urban, rural, coastal)o Practice of ostracismo Limitations No women participation Strict criteria for citizenship (no slaves, immigrants, or young men) Result: an institution for about 6,000 men- Athenian Women o Low status o Segregation and short life
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