Ghist 101 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Confucianism a. Confucius b. Daoc. Lid. Rene. Educationf. Self and the StateII. Mencius Outline of Current Lecture II. Confucius III. Daoism a. Laozib. The Wayc. Critique of Moralityd. Non-Actione. Use of spacef. Ideal society g. Zhuangzih. Critique of Confucianism i. Politics j. Virtue of Uselessness Current Lecture- Confucius o Political View King Xuan asked, “Is it so that the Shang Dynasty founder Tang banished King Jie of Xia, and that King Wu of Zhou killed King Zhòu of Shang?” Mencius replied, “That is what the histories say.” “Is it permissible, then, for a subject to kill his ruling lord?” Mencius said, “A man who plunders humanity is called a thief; a man whoplunders righteousness is called an outcast. I have heard of the execution of Outcast Zhòu; I have not heard of the execution of King Zhòu.”- Daoism o PhilosophyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Concentrating on individual life and tranquilityo Severe critic of Confucianism- Legendary founder- Laozio Disputed authorshipo Non-linear structureo Natural forces and human interactions- The Way (Dao)o The way that can be walked is not the eternal Way;o The name that can be named is not the eternal name.o The nameless is the beginning of Heaven and Earth;o The named is the mother of all things.o Dao: “road,” “method,” or “word” “The way that can be spoken of is not the eternal Way”- Critique of Morality o Not paying honor to the worthy leads the people to avoid contention. Not showing reverence for precious goods leads them to not steal. Not making a display of what is desirable leads their hearts away from chaos.o When the great Way is abandoned, there are benevolence and righteousness. When wisdom and intelligence come forth, there is great hypocrisy.- Nonaction o Wuwei - elimination of striving or distinctionso Natural actiono Act without actingo The Way does nothing yet nothing is left undone.o Act, but through nonaction. Be active, but have no activities.- Use of Space o Doors and windows are carved out to make a room: there being nothing within,the room is useful. Thus, with something one gets advantage, while with nothing one gets usefulness.- Ideal Society o Reduce the size of the state; Lessen the population. ... Then even though neighboring states are within sight of each other, Even though they can hear the sounds of each other’s dogs and chickens, Their people will grow old and die without ever having visited one another.- Zhuangzio Zhuang Zhou – ca. 300 BCo Virtually nothing known about himo Second Master in Daoismo Zhuangzio 33 chapters- Critique of Confucianism o Confucius vs. Laozio “Rather than praising Yao and condemning Jie, it would be better for you to forget both of them and shut up your tendency to praise.”- View on Politicso “Here is one who steals a hook – he is put to death for it; here is another who steals a state – he becomes its prince.”- Virtue of Uselessness o The Spring Treeo Huizi vs. Zhuangzio “Since it isn’t any use, what bad can happen to it?”- “What do fish like”o “You are not a fish. How do you know what fish like?”o “You are not me. How do you know I don’t know what fish
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