PSYCH 100 1st Edition Lecture 6The Brain - Sometimes older brain structureso Automatic processes (breathing, digestion, blood pressure)o The structures evolve over timeo Located in the “basement”- The brain stemo Pons and medulla mainlyo Medulla controls heart beat and breathingo Pons (above medulla) helps coordinate movement and info to get to the right side of bodyo Thalamus relays sensory info to the brain EXCEPT smello Reticular formation filters incoming sensory info and sends the info to the thalamus Involved in arousal from sleep (waking up)- Cerebellum or “little brain”o Some nonverbal learning and memoryo Judge timeo Modulate emotionso Discriminate sounds and textureso Coordinates voluntary movement- All of these components are automatic- The Limbic Systemo Hippocampus Learning Damage= Difficulty processing info and memoryo Amygdala Damage= May impair emotions involved with fearo Hypothalamus Hunger, thirst Drive (what it is responsible for) - Fighting - Fleeing- Feeding- Mating Newer parts of the brain- Cerebrumo 85% of brains weighto Perceiving, thinking, speaking- Cerebral Cortexo Many different lobeso Covers Cerebrumo Outer portion of braino Ultimate control and information processing center Frontal lobe- making decisions - In front part of brain Parietal lobe- processes sensory info. For touch and body position- Temporal lobe- auditory areas and involved in speech and speech recognition Occipital lobe- processes visual info.o Functions of the cortex Motor cortex- Controls voluntary movements o Controls left side and right side Sensory cortex- Receives and interprets sensations of touch (parietal) and sound (temporal)- Hemispheres control opposite sides of the body Other cortex areas receiving sensory info.- Visiono Occipital lobe- Auditory info.o Temporal lobe Association areas- Areas that do not deal with sensory or motor functionso The peach colored areaso Association areas (within lobes) Frontal lobes- Enables judgments, planning, and processing of new memorieso Ex: birthday cake, IQ- Parietal lobeso Enables math spatial reasoning- Temporal lobeso Enables us to recognize faces- Brains plasticityo Experience sculpts brain (along with genes) What ever you have used your brain more foro Plasticity- the brains capacity for modificationo Damaged neurons often don’t regenerate Severed spinal cord o Brain can reorganize in response to damage Ex: blind person Ex: deaf person- Our divided braino Left hemisphere Reading, writing, speaking, arithmetic, reasoning, and understandingo Right hemisphere Perceptual tasks (recognizing faces, perceiving emotion) Making inferences- Ex: what’s in the road
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