Atmospheric Heating Moisture Stability Earth Science Chapter 16 p 454 460 Chapter 17 p 466 473 Weather instrument shelter North America isotherms Temperature comparison Vancouver Winnepeg Temperature comparison Quito Guayaquil Temperature comparison Eureka NYC Temperature comparison Seattle Spokane Cloudy day Cloudy night January temperature July temperature Jan and July temps Downpour Latent heat of water Frost on window Relative humidity constant temperature Relative humidity lowering temperature Humidity temperature daily trend Dew on spiderweb Sling psychrometer Changes in temperature with change in elevation Two different mechanisms Earth s atmosphere is heated from below Gases cool as they expand Earth s atmosphere is heated from below It is warmer closer to the sea level It is cooler at higher altitudes Environmental lapse rate About 6 5o C 1000 m About 3 5o F 1000 ft Gases cool as they expand Still have same heat energy Take up larger volume Increase in volume at lower pressure Atmospheric pressure declines with altitude Temperature change due to change in volume called Adiabatic lapse rate Adiabatic lapse rate Temperature declines with lower pressure at higher altitude Temperature increases with higher pressure at lower altitude Adiabatic lapse rate Rate of temperature change depends on saturation Saturated air has condensation of water which releases heat warms environment 10o C 1000 m if not saturated 5o C 1000 m if condensation is occurring Cooling by lifting adiabatics Orographic lifting Rain shadow Warm front lifting Convergent lifting Tropical Convergence Convective lifting Hot air balloons Stable conditions Absolute instability Conditional stability Inversion Layer Los Angeles Surface inversion Inversion aloft Cloud classification right Cloud classification left cirrus Cirrocumulus Cirrostratus Altocumulus Altostratus Nimbostratus Cumulus Cumulonimbus Fog Golden Gate Bridge Fog Tule Fog Condensation in clouds Bergeron notes Bergeron Process of ice crystal growth Collision coalescence Glaze ice Giant hailstone Hail damage Rime ice Pogonip http grannysatticquilts com pogonip html Precipitation measurement Weather radar display
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