Hydrologic Cycle Water Cycle Groundwater Earth Science Chapter 5 Pages 116 117 133 140 Review Questions 1 17 22 http www mnforsustain org water climate global water cycle study htm Distribution Cycle Animation Water Cycle 86 of evaporation from sea surface 14 of atmospheric moisture from EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 78 of precipitation on sea surface 22 of water precipitated falls on land http meted com mesoprim mpradfog print htm Water Cycle Water Cycle Less that 3 of Earth s water is on land Over of that is in glacial ice Most of the rest is stored as groundwater some groundwater is saline 1 Water Distribution Groundwater Precipitation infiltrates Earth s surface Largest reservoir of liquid fresh water Drinking water source for half of U S Groundwater Contributes to stream flow Universal solvent Dissolves some rock types Limestone CaCO3 Salts NaCl KCl Gypsum CaSO4 Groundwater Terms Groundwater Source First becomes soil moisture Plants use it Some evaporates directly Some sinks down Infiltration Groundwater is stored Groundwater terms diagram Zone of saturation Water table Zone of aeration 2 Groundwater Storage Porosity of rock Spaces between sand grains Cracks in crystalline rock Dissolved cavities Permeability Groundwater Storage Stored in AQUIFER Porous and permeable rock Trapped by AQUITARD Impermeable rock Clay shale Allows water to move Interconnection of pore spaces Groundwater Movement Groundwater movement diagram Very slowly Small openings High surface tension Pressure forces water to areas of lower pressure Hydraulic gradient Hydraulic head Hydraulic head Springs Where water table intersects ground surface 3 Photo of cliff springs Springs Where water table intersects ground surface Hydraulic pressure brings to surface Aquitard conducts groundwater Springs diagram Hot Springs Water heated by hot rock cooling magma Temperature increases solvent capabilities May contain acids from magmatic water Geysers Old Faithful photo Special type of hot spring Pressure of water column suppresses boiling Heat added eventually overcomes pressure Sudden rise of water increase pressure release on rising 4 Geyser Eruption Wells Geyser eruption stages Wells after drawdown 5 Artesian wells Ogallala Aquifer Exploited in Great Plains agriculture Water table dropped Recharge rate low Groundwater purification Ogallala supported agriculture San Joaquin Valley subsidence Not able to recover due to aquifer compaction Groundwater purification 6 Agriculture sources of groundwater contamination Landfill leachate contamination Drinking Water Standards Parts per million 1 g water is 1 mL 1000 mL 1 L 15mg 1 L 1000 g 1L 1000 mg 1 g 1L 1mL 15mg 1000mL 1g 1000 g 15mg 1g 15 15 ppm 1000 g 1000mg 1 000 000 mg L is parts per million Primary sewage treatment Secondary sewage treatment 7 Sewage treatment Carlsbad Caverns 8 Arecibo Puerto Rico Radio Telescope in Sinkhole Karst drainage of manmade lake in Missouri Karst towering buttes Thailand Karst Towers http en wikipedia org wiki Yangshuo http www siue edu GEOGRAPHY ONLINE Gillespie htm Thompson Research Vessel 9 Polar views of Earth Distribution of Land and Water Diagram of land water by latitude World map showing land water distribution Progress in research vessels HMS Challenger 10 Kilo Moana Sonar process multibeam and sidescan Sonar process single beam Sea floor landforms California Seismic data and interpretation Satellite Altimeter 11 Atlantic oceanic ridge Pacific and Indian Ocean Floor Passive continental Margin cross section Atlantic Ocean Floor H ES106 PowerPoint AN12 001 mov Plankton Marine Sediment distribution 12 Collection of sea floor sediment cores Offshore oil platform Methane Hydrate sample Methane Hydrate burning Salt production Manganese Nodules 13 Earth Day Celebration at the Oregon Garden Saturday April 21 10 am 4 pm Cost Free Free admission to The Oregon Garden and to all Earth Day exhibits lectures and performances Location all areas of The Oregon Garden Cascade Hwy Silverton OR Contact Renee Stoops SPROut Coordinator 503 584 7252 This year s theme is Sustainable Agriculture highlighting the roles of composting recycling renewable energy energy conservation sustainable plants and soil and water resources in the farm garden or backyard landscape For an expanded Discussion of the Theme please see the website http www oregongarden org SPROUT SPROut Events html earthday
View Full Document
Unlocking...