Personality Psychology Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture Therapeutic factors and processTheory and practice: Psychoanalysis Free association Early experience Dream analysis Transference Catharsis Interpretation Insight Growth and Development Psychosexual developmento Oral stageo Analy stageo Phallic stageo Latency stageo Genital stage Personality: types and fixations Oral personality Anal personality Phallic personality Erikson: Psychosocial DevelopmentAlfred Adler: Individual PsychologyCarl Jung: Analytical psychology Collective unconscious Archetypeso Persona, shadow  Anima and animus Karen Horney Impact of culture and childhood Basic anxiety and neurotic trendsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Penis envyHarry stack Sullivan: Interpersonal Theory Concept of SELFObject relations theoryEvaluationOutline of Current Lecture Phenomenology Carl Rogers Client Centered TherapySelf-Actualizing TheorySelfThe Self-Concept core/true self non-intuitive selfActual self vs Ideal selfCongruence and IncongruenceCurrent LecturePhenomenology – a philosophical movement that describes the formal structure of the objects of awareness and of awareness itselfo ALSO: The study of the development of human consciousness and self-awareness. Carl Rogers: Person-Centered Abraham Maslow: Human Potential Movement Viktor Frankl: Existentialism Seligman, Peterson, Csikszentmihalyi: Positive Psychology MovementCarl Rogers (1902-1987) Born in Oak Park, Illinois PhD, Clinical and Educational Psychology, Columbia Teachers College Child Guidance Clinic 1939: wrote Clinical Treatment of the Problem Childo Offered a full professorship at Ohio State University Provided services for Military Personnel (1944) 1951: wrote Client Centered Therapy Did not agree with Freud; had a more positive outlook on humanity 42: Counseling and Psychotherapy 44: US Organizational Counseling Center 45: UChicago Counseling Center 51: Client Centered Therapyo Unique ideao Didn’t agree with Freuds view of people being born with sexual and aggressive urgeso Had positive view of humans, born with positive urgeso Said client is expert and not therapist—never use word patient, therapy is collaboration, therapist helps natural need and push of client to change Before was belief that therapist was all knowing, help client change by giving them the wisdom about themselves 57: UWisconson as faculty membero Thought students should have more ability to use their own areas of expertiseo Didn’t stay long because he didn’t agree with how education was structured  63: Center for the Studies of the Person, CAo Him and group of people founded thiso Goals are to understand people from perspective of humanism and phenomenologyo First encounter groups—people getting together and experiencing individuals Day he died he was nominated for Nobel Peace Prize “I have little sympathy with the rather prevalent concept that man is basically irrational, and thushis impulses, if not controlled, would lead to destructions of others and self. Man’s behavior is exquisitely rational, moving with subtle and ordered complexity towards the goals his organism is endeavoring to achieve” o Organism=self, person, any other living thingo Drive to meet potentials, rational wasn’t just for humans but everything elseRogers: Person-Centered Theory  Perception=most important, after take in sensory information this is how we order it and make sense of it, try to understand ito Individual’s perception Phenomenal Field/Field of Experience—what happens in organism and around it at any time, organism aware of whats going on, anything potentially available to awarenesso What were able to be aware of—sometimes limited by biological ability (lights are off) and psychological ability (don’t want to see something)o *truly known only to the person themselveso Subjective (not standardized), selective, incomplete Importance of authenticity—the person is open and accepting of full range of experiences of everything in phenomenal field o Sometimes have disconnect because our authenticity is compromised by us—not focusing on ourselves but focusing on other peoples which affects us and decisionso *experiencing self in healthy waySelf-Actualizing Tendency  Primary motivating drive—tendency/need to move towards completion or fulfilling our potentials, part of human nature, foundation of everything that we doo Involves every aspect of us (emotion, biological, etc) is motivated by this Self-Actualization—individuals able to be fully open and successfully move toward fulfillment potentials can reach thiso Need to be authentic and experience all aspects of oneselfo Tendency towards growtho Simplecomplex organismo Dependenceindependenceo Rigidchange and freedomo Enhancing individual and their lives and relationships, increases pleasure and satisfactionSelf  Conscious process—aware of ourselves, how we see ourselves System, always in processo Ever changingo Can take many forms Stable yet changingo Self-actualizing, continuously moving towards goals The person they perceive themselves to beo Based on past experience, present inputs and future expectancies **If get stuck on seeing ourselves in only one way or don’t allow ourselves to experience change (have static view of ourselves/self-concept) then are maladjusted—idea of self is constantly changing because phenomenological field is constantly changingo More interested now hats going on in the PRESENT—acknowledges that past experienceis influentialThe Self/Self-Concept Take personal responsibility for actionso How we behave—part of experience of ourselves, important to acknowledge to take responsibility for what we doo What we do is based on who we truly are=authentic  Core/true self—at deep and intuitive level, automatic knowing about core aspects of ourselves Non-intuitive self—requiring considerable thought, things about yourself that you don’t automatically realizeo Ex. What would you do in certain situationsActual Self vs Ideal Self Actual/Real Self—the self we believe we are now Ideal Self—the self-concept one would most like to possess, potential future selfCongruence and Incongruence